North America Native Plant

Disc Lichen

Botanical name: Buellia coccinea

USDA symbol: BUCO2

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Disc Lichen: A Colorful Sign of Healthy Gardens Have you ever noticed tiny patches of vibrant orange or reddish color decorating the bark of trees in your yard? You might be looking at disc lichen (Buellia coccinea), a fascinating organism that’s actually doing your garden a favor just by being ...

Disc Lichen: A Colorful Sign of Healthy Gardens

Have you ever noticed tiny patches of vibrant orange or reddish color decorating the bark of trees in your yard? You might be looking at disc lichen (Buellia coccinea), a fascinating organism that’s actually doing your garden a favor just by being there!

What Exactly Is Disc Lichen?

Before we dive in, let’s clear up what we’re dealing with here. Disc lichen isn’t a plant in the traditional sense – it’s actually a remarkable partnership between a fungus and algae working together as one organism. This cooperative relationship is called symbiosis, and it’s been going strong for millions of years.

Buellia coccinea gets its disc name from the small, round, disc-like structures it forms on surfaces. These colorful patches typically appear as bright orange to deep reddish-scarlet spots, making them quite eye-catching once you know what to look for.

Where You’ll Find This Native Beauty

This lichen is native to North America and can be found across many regions of the continent. It’s particularly fond of settling on tree bark and rock surfaces, where it forms those distinctive colorful patches that catch the eye of observant gardeners.

Is Disc Lichen Good for Your Garden?

Here’s the exciting part – finding disc lichen in your garden is actually fantastic news! This little organism serves as a natural air quality indicator. Lichens are incredibly sensitive to air pollution, so when you spot Buellia coccinea thriving in your space, it’s telling you that your air quality is pretty darn good.

While disc lichen doesn’t directly attract pollinators like flowering plants do, it contributes to your garden’s ecosystem in subtle but important ways:

  • Provides microhabitat for tiny insects and other small creatures
  • Adds natural texture and color to tree trunks and rocks
  • Indicates a healthy, unpolluted environment
  • Contributes to biodiversity in natural garden settings

How to Identify Disc Lichen

Spotting Buellia coccinea is easier than you might think once you know the key features to look for:

  • Size: Small patches, typically less than an inch across
  • Color: Bright orange to reddish-scarlet, sometimes appearing almost crimson
  • Shape: Forms round, disc-like structures (hence the name!)
  • Location: Usually found on tree bark, particularly deciduous trees, and sometimes on rocks
  • Texture: Crustose, meaning it forms a crust-like layer that’s tightly attached to its surface

What Type of Garden Suits Disc Lichen?

You can’t exactly plant disc lichen – it shows up on its own when conditions are right. It’s particularly at home in:

  • Natural or woodland gardens
  • Areas with mature trees
  • Gardens focused on native ecosystems
  • Spaces with clean air and minimal pollution

Can You Encourage Disc Lichen in Your Garden?

While you can’t plant or propagate lichens like traditional garden plants, you can create conditions that make them more likely to appear naturally:

  • Maintain good air quality around your property
  • Avoid using harsh chemicals or pesticides near trees
  • Plant native trees that provide suitable bark surfaces
  • Keep your garden space as natural and unpolluted as possible
  • Be patient – lichens grow very slowly and appear when they’re ready

A Living Indicator of Garden Health

Think of disc lichen as nature’s way of giving your garden a gold star for environmental quality. When Buellia coccinea decides to make itself at home on your trees, it’s essentially certifying that you’re maintaining a healthy, clean outdoor space.

So next time you’re strolling through your garden, take a moment to appreciate these tiny but mighty organisms. They might be small, but they’re telling a big story about the quality of your outdoor environment – and that’s something worth celebrating!

Disc Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Physciaceae Zahlbr.

Genus

Buellia De Not. - disc lichen

Species

Buellia coccinea (Fée) Aptroot - disc lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA