North America Native Plant

Devil’s Horsewhip

Botanical name: Achyranthes aspera var. pubescens

USDA symbol: ACASP

Life cycle: annual

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico  

Devil’s Horsewhip: A Controversial Forb for Your Garden Meet devil’s horsewhip (Achyranthes aspera var. pubescens), a plant whose name alone might make you think twice about inviting it into your garden. But don’t let the dramatic moniker fool you entirely – this hardy little forb has found its way across ...

Devil’s Horsewhip: A Controversial Forb for Your Garden

Meet devil’s horsewhip (Achyranthes aspera var. pubescens), a plant whose name alone might make you think twice about inviting it into your garden. But don’t let the dramatic moniker fool you entirely – this hardy little forb has found its way across multiple continents and might just have a place in certain landscape situations.

What Exactly Is Devil’s Horsewhip?

Devil’s horsewhip is what botanists call a forb – essentially a non-woody plant that dies back to the ground each season but may return from its roots. Think of it as the middle ground between a delicate annual flower and a sturdy shrub. This particular variety can behave as either an annual or perennial depending on growing conditions, making it somewhat unpredictable in the garden.

As a vascular plant without significant woody tissue, devil’s horsewhip keeps its growing buds either at ground level or just below the surface, allowing it to survive harsh conditions and bounce back when times get better.

Where Does It Come From and Where Can You Find It?

Here’s where things get a bit complicated. Devil’s horsewhip appears to be native to the Pacific Basin (excluding Hawaii), but it’s managed to establish itself as a non-native species that reproduces freely in Hawaii, the lower 48 United States, and Puerto Rico. Currently, you can find it growing in Florida, Hawaii, Maryland, Texas, Guam, Palau, and Puerto Rico.

This wide distribution tells us something important: this plant is quite the survivor and adapts well to different environments.

Should You Plant Devil’s Horsewhip in Your Garden?

This is where gardeners need to think carefully. Since devil’s horsewhip is non-native in most areas where it’s currently found and has the ability to reproduce and persist without human intervention, it falls into that gray area that makes conscientious gardeners pause.

While we don’t have definitive information about its invasive potential or any official noxious weed status, its ability to establish and spread in diverse environments suggests it’s quite competitive. This means it could potentially outcompete native plants in your local ecosystem.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Before considering devil’s horsewhip, we’d recommend exploring native forb options in your area. Native plants provide several advantages:

  • They support local wildlife and pollinators that have evolved alongside them
  • They’re typically better adapted to local soil and climate conditions
  • They require less maintenance once established
  • They won’t risk becoming invasive in natural areas

Contact your local native plant society or extension office to discover native forbs that could fill a similar role in your landscape.

If You Already Have Devil’s Horsewhip

If devil’s horsewhip has already established itself in your garden, monitor it carefully to ensure it’s not spreading beyond your intended planting area. Consider gradually replacing it with native alternatives that can provide similar benefits without the potential ecological risks.

The Bottom Line

While devil’s horsewhip might seem like an easy-care option for certain garden situations, its non-native status in most of its current range and its ability to establish and persist independently make it a questionable choice for environmentally conscious gardeners. Your garden – and your local ecosystem – will likely benefit more from native plant alternatives that can provide beauty and function without the potential risks.

Remember, every planting decision is a chance to support local biodiversity and create habitat for native wildlife. Choose wisely, and your garden will thank you for years to come.

Devil’s Horsewhip

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Amaranthaceae Martinov - Amaranth family

Genus

Achyranthes L. - chaff flower

Species

Achyranthes aspera L. - devil's horsewhip

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA