North America Native Plant

Deeproot Clubmoss

Botanical name: Lycopodium tristachyum

USDA symbol: LYTR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Canada ⚘ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Diphasium chamicyparissus (A. Braun) Á. Löve & D. Löve (DICH5)  ⚘  Diphasium complanatum (L.) Rothm. ssp. chamicyparissus (A. Braun) Kukkonen (DICOC2)  ⚘  Diphasiastrum tristachyum (Pursh) Holub (DITR4)  ⚘  Diphasium tristachyum (Pursh) Rothm. (DITR5)  ⚘  Lycopodium chamicyparissus A. Braun (LYCH6)  ⚘  Lycopodium complanatum L. ssp. chamicyparissus (A. Braun) Nyman (LYCOC3)  ⚘  Lycopodium complanatum L. var. chamicyparissus (A. Braun) Döll (LYCOC4)  ⚘  Lycopodium complanatum L. var. patentifolium Spring (LYCOP8)   

Deeproot Clubmoss: An Ancient Wonder for Your Woodland Garden If you’ve ever wandered through a misty forest floor and spotted what looks like a miniature evergreen tree carpet, you might have encountered deeproot clubmoss (Lycopodium tristachyum). This fascinating plant isn’t your typical garden variety—it’s actually a living fossil that’s been ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Deeproot Clubmoss: An Ancient Wonder for Your Woodland Garden

If you’ve ever wandered through a misty forest floor and spotted what looks like a miniature evergreen tree carpet, you might have encountered deeproot clubmoss (Lycopodium tristachyum). This fascinating plant isn’t your typical garden variety—it’s actually a living fossil that’s been gracing North American woodlands for millions of years.

What Exactly Is Deeproot Clubmoss?

Deeproot clubmoss belongs to an ancient group of plants called lycopods, which are more closely related to ferns than to the mosses their name suggests. These perennial plants are what botanists call forb herbs—they lack woody stems but have a sophisticated vascular system that helps them thrive in forest understories.

Unlike flowering plants, clubmosses reproduce through spores rather than seeds, and they don’t produce the colorful blooms that attract pollinators. Instead, they offer something different: a prehistoric charm and year-round green texture that can add depth to woodland gardens.

Where Does Deeproot Clubmoss Call Home?

This native beauty has quite an impressive range across eastern North America. You’ll find deeproot clubmoss naturally growing from Canada’s maritime provinces down through the eastern United States, including states like Maine, Vermont, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and even as far south as Alabama and Georgia. It also extends into the Great Lakes region, appearing in states like Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota.

Should You Welcome It Into Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting. While deeproot clubmoss can be a stunning addition to the right garden, it comes with some important considerations:

The Good News

  • It’s completely native to North America, supporting local ecosystems
  • Provides year-round evergreen ground cover in shaded areas
  • Creates a unique, prehistoric atmosphere in woodland gardens
  • Requires minimal maintenance once established
  • Thrives in areas where traditional grass struggles

The Important Caution

Before you rush out to find some, know that deeproot clubmoss has a rare status (S1) in Alabama, meaning it’s critically imperiled in that state. If you’re interested in adding this plant to your garden, it’s crucial to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate rather than wild-harvest their stock.

How to Identify Deeproot Clubmoss

Spotting deeproot clubmoss is like finding nature’s own miniature Christmas tree farm. Look for these key features:

  • Low-growing, evergreen plants that rarely exceed a few inches in height
  • Dense, carpet-like growth habit that spreads horizontally
  • Tiny, scale-like leaves that overlap like shingles
  • Branching pattern that resembles miniature conifer trees
  • Spore-bearing structures that appear as small, upright cones

Creating the Perfect Home for Clubmoss

If you’re lucky enough to acquire responsibly-sourced deeproot clubmoss, here’s how to keep it happy:

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Light: Partial to full shade (direct sunlight can be harmful)
  • Soil: Consistently moist, well-draining, acidic soil
  • Location: Protected woodland areas or shade gardens
  • Companions: Pairs beautifully with ferns, wild ginger, and native sedges

Care Tips

  • Avoid foot traffic—these ancient plants are sensitive to disturbance
  • Maintain consistent soil moisture without waterlogging
  • Skip the fertilizer—they prefer nutrient-poor conditions
  • Be patient—clubmosses are notoriously slow-growing
  • Never attempt to transplant from the wild

Is Deeproot Clubmoss Right for Your Garden?

This isn’t a plant for everyone, and that’s perfectly okay! Deeproot clubmoss works best for gardeners who:

  • Have established shade gardens or woodland areas
  • Appreciate subtle, textural plants over showy flowers
  • Are committed to using only responsibly-sourced native plants
  • Enjoy the idea of growing living history in their backyard
  • Have the patience for slow-growing, low-maintenance plants

While deeproot clubmoss won’t provide nectar for butterflies or dramatic seasonal color changes, it offers something equally valuable: a connection to ancient plant communities and a unique ground cover that can transform shady spots into enchanting woodland vignettes.

Remember, if you can’t source this rare beauty responsibly, there are plenty of other native ground covers that can provide similar benefits to your local ecosystem. The key is choosing plants that support your regional wildlife while creating the garden of your dreams.

Deeproot Clubmoss

Classification

Group

Lycopod

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Lycopodiophyta - Lycopods

Subdivision
Class

Lycopodiopsida

Subclass
Order

Lycopodiales

Family

Lycopodiaceae P. Beauv. ex Mirb. - Club-moss family

Genus

Lycopodium L. - clubmoss

Species

Lycopodium tristachyum Pursh - deeproot clubmoss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA