North America Native Plant

Debeque Phacelia

Botanical name: Phacelia scopulina var. submutica

USDA symbol: PHSCS3

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Phacelia lutea (Hook. & Arn.) J.T. Howell var. submutica (J.T. Howell) Cronquist (PHLUS2)  âš˜  Phacelia submutica J.T. Howell (PHSU6)   

Debeque Phacelia: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting Meet the Debeque phacelia (Phacelia scopulina var. submutica), a charming annual wildflower that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This little-known native plant deserves a spot in the conservation-minded gardener’s heart—and potentially their garden—though with some important caveats we’ll discuss. What Makes ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S4T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Threatened: Experiencing significant population decline or habitat loss that could lead to its endangerment if not addressed. ⚘

Region: United States

Debeque Phacelia: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting

Meet the Debeque phacelia (Phacelia scopulina var. submutica), a charming annual wildflower that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This little-known native plant deserves a spot in the conservation-minded gardener’s heart—and potentially their garden—though with some important caveats we’ll discuss.

What Makes Debeque Phacelia Special?

This delightful forb belongs to the waterleaf family and represents a unique variety of the scopulina species. As an annual plant, it completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making every bloom precious. The Debeque phacelia grows as a non-woody herbaceous plant, staying relatively close to the ground with soft, green foliage.

Where Does It Call Home?

The Debeque phacelia is a true Western native, naturally occurring in just two states: Arizona and Colorado. This limited geographic distribution is part of what makes this plant so special—and so vulnerable. It’s perfectly adapted to the unique conditions of these high-desert and mountainous regions.

A Plant That Needs Our Help

Here’s where things get serious: the Debeque phacelia is listed as Threatened, meaning it faces a significant risk of extinction in the wild. This conservation status is a crucial consideration for any gardener interested in this species. While growing native plants is generally encouraged, rare species require special attention and responsible sourcing.

Should You Grow Debeque Phacelia?

The short answer is: maybe, but only under the right circumstances. Here’s what you need to know:

  • Source responsibly: Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations. Only obtain plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that ethically propagate rare species
  • Location matters: This plant is best suited for gardeners within or near its native range in Arizona and Colorado
  • Conservation focus: Consider growing it as part of conservation efforts rather than purely ornamental purposes

Garden Role and Design Potential

As an annual forb, Debeque phacelia would work beautifully in:

  • Native wildflower gardens
  • Conservation or restoration projects
  • Specialized rare plant collections
  • Educational gardens focused on regional biodiversity

Its low-growing, herbaceous nature makes it ideal for naturalized areas where it can self-seed and maintain populations year after year.

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing requirements for this variety aren’t well-documented, Phacelia species generally prefer:

  • Well-draining soils
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Minimal water once established
  • Natural rainfall patterns of their native habitat

As a Western native adapted to Arizona and Colorado conditions, this plant likely tolerates drought well and prefers the temperature ranges typical of high-desert environments.

The Bottom Line

The Debeque phacelia represents both an opportunity and a responsibility. While it could make a meaningful addition to conservation-focused native gardens, its threatened status means that growing it requires careful consideration and ethical sourcing. If you’re passionate about rare plant conservation and can source seeds or plants responsibly, this unique annual could be a valuable addition to your conservation efforts.

For most gardeners interested in supporting native pollinators and wildlife, consider exploring other Phacelia species or native wildflowers that are more widely available and not at conservation risk. Every garden can play a role in supporting biodiversity, and sometimes the best way to help rare plants is to grow their more common relatives while supporting conservation efforts for the rare ones.

Debeque Phacelia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Hydrophyllaceae R. Br. - Waterleaf family

Genus

Phacelia Juss. - phacelia

Species

Phacelia scopulina (A. Nelson) J.T. Howell - Debeque phacelia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA