North America Native Plant

Daltonia Moss

Botanical name: Daltonia splachnoides

USDA symbol: DASP4

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Daltonia Moss: A Rare Native Bryophyte Worth Knowing If you’ve ever taken a close look at the tiny green carpets growing on rocks, tree bark, or fallen logs in North American forests, you might have encountered daltonia moss (Daltonia splachnoides). This diminutive native bryophyte is one of those blink and ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Daltonia Moss: A Rare Native Bryophyte Worth Knowing

If you’ve ever taken a close look at the tiny green carpets growing on rocks, tree bark, or fallen logs in North American forests, you might have encountered daltonia moss (Daltonia splachnoides). This diminutive native bryophyte is one of those blink and you’ll miss it plants that quietly plays its part in our ecosystems, even though most gardeners have never heard of it.

What Exactly Is Daltonia Moss?

Daltonia splachnoides belongs to the fascinating world of bryophytes – that ancient group of plants that includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Unlike the flowering plants that dominate most gardens, mosses are non-vascular plants that have been around for millions of years, quietly doing their thing long before roses and tomatoes ever existed.

This particular moss is what botanists call an epiphyte, meaning it’s perfectly content growing on other surfaces rather than rooting in soil. You’ll typically find it clinging to rocks, tree bark, or decomposing wood, where it forms small, delicate patches of green.

Where Does It Call Home?

Daltonia moss is native to North America, though specific details about its exact range remain somewhat mysterious – which brings us to an important point about this little plant.

A Rare Find in the Plant World

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit concerning): Daltonia splachnoides has a Global Conservation Status of S1S2, which indicates it’s quite rare. This means that if you’re lucky enough to spot this moss in the wild, you’re looking at something special that deserves our respect and protection.

For gardeners and nature enthusiasts, this rarity status means a few important things:

  • Don’t disturb or collect it if you find it in nature
  • Appreciate it from a respectful distance
  • Consider it a sign of a healthy, undisturbed ecosystem

Is Daltonia Moss Beneficial in Gardens?

While you probably won’t be intentionally planting daltonia moss in your garden beds anytime soon, mosses like this one do provide some wonderful ecological benefits:

  • They help prevent soil erosion on surfaces where they grow
  • They create microhabitats for tiny invertebrates and other small creatures
  • They contribute to the overall biodiversity of natural areas
  • They can indicate good air quality, as many mosses are sensitive to pollution

How to Identify This Mysterious Moss

Identifying specific moss species can be tricky business, even for experienced botanists. Daltonia moss shares the typical characteristics of its family – it’s small, green, and grows in patches on hard surfaces rather than soil. However, definitively identifying this particular species usually requires microscopic examination of its reproductive structures.

If you think you’ve spotted something that might be daltonia moss, the best approach is to:

  • Take photos from multiple angles without disturbing the plant
  • Note the substrate it’s growing on (rock, bark, wood)
  • Record the location and habitat
  • Consult with local botanists or bryophyte experts for proper identification

The Bigger Picture

While daltonia moss might not be the star of your garden show, it represents something important about our native plant communities. These small, often overlooked species are part of the intricate web of life that supports the larger, showier plants we tend to notice first.

As gardeners interested in native plants, we can appreciate species like Daltonia splachnoides by:

  • Learning to notice and value small-scale biodiversity
  • Protecting natural areas where rare species might occur
  • Supporting conservation efforts for uncommon native plants
  • Creating garden conditions that welcome naturally occurring mosses

So the next time you’re out exploring natural areas, take a moment to look closely at those tiny green patches growing on rocks and trees. You might just be looking at something as rare and special as daltonia moss – a small but significant piece of North America’s native plant heritage.

Daltonia Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Hookeriales

Family

Daltoniaceae Schimp.

Genus

Daltonia Hook. & Taylor - daltonia moss

Species

Daltonia splachnoides (Sm.) Hook. & Taylor - daltonia moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA