North America Native Plant

Curly Wallflower

Botanical name: Erysimum menziesii concinnum

USDA symbol: ERMEC2

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Erysimum concinnum Eastw. (ERCO26)   

Curly Wallflower: A Rare Coastal Native Worth Protecting Meet the curly wallflower (Erysimum menziesii concinnum), a charming but elusive native plant that calls the Pacific Coast home. This little-known subspecies represents one of nature’s more specialized creations, perfectly adapted to life along California and Oregon’s rugged coastlines. What Makes Curly ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3?T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘

Curly Wallflower: A Rare Coastal Native Worth Protecting

Meet the curly wallflower (Erysimum menziesii concinnum), a charming but elusive native plant that calls the Pacific Coast home. This little-known subspecies represents one of nature’s more specialized creations, perfectly adapted to life along California and Oregon’s rugged coastlines.

What Makes Curly Wallflower Special

Also known by its scientific name Erysimum menziesii concinnum (and sometimes listed as Erysimum concinnum), this herbaceous perennial belongs to the mustard family. As a forb, it’s a non-woody plant that can live for multiple years, cycling between biennial and perennial growth patterns depending on conditions.

What sets this plant apart isn’t just its coastal origins—it’s also quite rare. With a conservation status of S3?T3, curly wallflower exists in limited numbers throughout its range, making it a special find for native plant enthusiasts.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

Curly wallflower has a fairly restricted native range, naturally occurring only in California and Oregon. This coastal native has evolved to thrive in the unique conditions found along the Pacific shoreline, where cool, moist air meets well-draining soils.

Should You Grow Curly Wallflower?

Here’s where things get interesting—and important. Because of its rarity status, curly wallflower isn’t your typical garden center find. If you’re drawn to this unique native, you’ll want to approach it thoughtfully:

  • Only source responsibly: Never collect from wild populations. Look for reputable native plant nurseries or seed companies that ethically propagate rare species
  • Perfect for native plant gardens: If you can find it through proper channels, it’s an excellent choice for coastal native plant landscapes
  • Conservation value: Growing rare natives in gardens can help preserve genetic diversity and provide backup populations

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for this subspecies is limited, we can make educated guesses based on its coastal habitat and related wallflowers:

  • Climate: Best suited for USDA zones 8-10, particularly coastal areas
  • Soil: Likely prefers well-draining soils, possibly sandy or rocky
  • Water: Moderate water needs, adapted to coastal moisture patterns
  • Sun: Probably thrives in full sun to partial shade

Garden Design Ideas

If you’re fortunate enough to acquire curly wallflower through responsible sources, consider these placement ideas:

  • Rock gardens or coastal-themed landscapes
  • Native plant borders alongside other California and Oregon natives
  • Naturalized areas where it can spread as conditions allow
  • Conservation gardens focused on preserving rare species

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

Like other wallflowers, curly wallflower likely produces small, cheerful blooms that attract various pollinators. While specific wildlife relationships aren’t well documented for this subspecies, wallflowers generally support:

  • Small native bees and other pollinators
  • Butterflies and beneficial insects
  • Birds that feed on seeds

The Bottom Line

Curly wallflower represents both an opportunity and a responsibility. Its rarity makes it a treasure for serious native plant gardeners, but that same scarcity means we must approach it with respect and care. If you’re passionate about coastal natives and committed to responsible sourcing, this little wallflower could become a crown jewel in your native plant collection.

Remember: the best way to help rare plants like curly wallflower is to support conservation efforts, choose responsibly sourced plants, and never collect from wild populations. Every garden that thoughtfully includes rare natives becomes part of a larger conservation story.

Curly Wallflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Erysimum L. - wallflower

Species

Erysimum menziesii (Hook.) Wettst. - Menzies' wallflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA