North America Native Plant

Curly Threeawn

Botanical name: Aristida desmantha

USDA symbol: ARDE3

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Curly Threeawn: A Charming Native Grass for Prairie Gardens Meet curly threeawn (Aristida desmantha), a delightfully quirky little native grass that’s as interesting as its name suggests. This annual grass gets its common name from the twisted, curly awns – those bristle-like appendages that spiral and dance in the breeze, ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Curly Threeawn: A Charming Native Grass for Prairie Gardens

Meet curly threeawn (Aristida desmantha), a delightfully quirky little native grass that’s as interesting as its name suggests. This annual grass gets its common name from the twisted, curly awns – those bristle-like appendages that spiral and dance in the breeze, creating a whimsical texture that’s hard to ignore.

Where You’ll Find This Native Beauty

Curly threeawn is a true native of the lower 48 states, calling the American heartland home. You can find this charming grass growing naturally across Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wisconsin. It’s particularly at home in the Great Plains and southeastern regions, where it has adapted to thrive in the variable climate conditions.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s something important to know: curly threeawn has a rarity status of S1 in Arkansas, meaning it’s critically rare in that state. If you’re considering adding this grass to your garden, please make sure you source seeds or plants responsibly from reputable native plant suppliers who don’t collect from wild populations. This helps protect the remaining natural stands of this special grass.

Why Consider Curly Threeawn for Your Garden

This annual grass brings several wonderful qualities to native plant gardens:

  • Authentic prairie character: Perfect for creating naturalistic prairie gardens and wildflower meadows
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care and readily self-seeds
  • Ecological benefits: Provides habitat structure for beneficial insects and adds to biodiversity
  • Drought tolerance: Well-adapted to drier conditions once established
  • Unique texture: Those curly awns add visual interest and movement to plantings

Growing Curly Threeawn Successfully

This adaptable grass is surprisingly easy to grow when you understand its preferences:

USDA Hardiness Zones: Thrives in zones 5-9, making it suitable for much of the continental United States.

Sun and Soil Requirements: Curly threeawn loves full sun and well-drained soils. It’s quite tolerant of poor soils and drought conditions, reflecting its prairie heritage.

Planting Tips: Direct seed in fall or early spring when soil temperatures are cool. Simply scatter seeds on prepared soil and lightly rake in – no need to bury them deeply. As an annual, it will complete its life cycle in one growing season but will often self-seed for the following year.

Perfect Garden Companions

Curly threeawn shines in naturalistic settings alongside other prairie natives. Consider pairing it with wildflowers like black-eyed Susan, purple coneflower, and wild bergamot for a authentic prairie look. It also works beautifully in erosion control plantings and restoration projects.

The Bottom Line

If you’re looking to add authentic native character to your landscape while supporting local ecosystems, curly threeawn is a wonderful choice. Its delicate beauty, ecological benefits, and easy-care nature make it perfect for gardeners wanting to embrace native plant gardening. Just remember to source it responsibly, especially given its rarity in some areas. Your local native plant society or conservation organization can often point you toward ethical suppliers who are working to preserve and propagate this charming grass for future generations.

Curly Threeawn

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Aristida L. - threeawn

Species

Aristida desmantha Trin. & Rupr. - curly threeawn

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA