North America Native Plant

Curly-mesquite

Botanical name: Hilaria belangeri var. belangeri

USDA symbol: HIBEB

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Anthephora belangeri Steud. (ANBE3)   

Curly-Mesquite: A Tough Native Grass for Water-Wise Gardens If you’re looking for a low-maintenance, drought-tolerant grass that’s truly at home in the American Southwest, curly-mesquite (Hilaria belangeri var. belangeri) might just be your new garden hero. This native perennial grass has been quietly thriving in the deserts and prairies of ...

Curly-Mesquite: A Tough Native Grass for Water-Wise Gardens

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance, drought-tolerant grass that’s truly at home in the American Southwest, curly-mesquite (Hilaria belangeri var. belangeri) might just be your new garden hero. This native perennial grass has been quietly thriving in the deserts and prairies of the Southwest for centuries, and it’s ready to bring that same resilience to your landscape.

What Makes Curly-Mesquite Special

Curly-mesquite gets its charming common name from its distinctive twisted or curled leaves, which create an interesting textural element in the garden. This perennial grass is a true native of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas, making it perfectly adapted to the challenging growing conditions of the Southwest.

You might also see this plant listed under its synonym Anthephora belangeri, but don’t let the scientific names confuse you – it’s the same tough, reliable grass that desert gardeners have come to appreciate.

Why Plant Curly-Mesquite in Your Garden

There are plenty of reasons why this humble grass deserves a spot in your landscape:

  • Drought tolerance: Once established, curly-mesquite can handle extended dry periods without batting an eyelash
  • Low maintenance: This is not a grass that demands weekend pampering sessions
  • Erosion control: Its spreading growth habit helps stabilize soil on slopes and problem areas
  • Wildlife habitat: Provides cover and nesting sites for small wildlife and beneficial insects
  • Native authenticity: Supporting local ecosystems by choosing plants that naturally belong

Where Curly-Mesquite Thrives

This adaptable grass is happiest in USDA hardiness zones 7 through 10, which covers much of the southern United States. It’s particularly well-suited for:

  • Xeriscape and water-wise gardens
  • Native plant landscapes
  • Prairie-style plantings
  • Naturalized areas where you want low-maintenance ground cover
  • Slopes and areas prone to erosion

Growing Conditions and Care

The beauty of curly-mesquite lies in its simplicity. This grass prefers full sun and well-draining soils – basically the opposite of a high-maintenance lawn grass. It’s remarkably heat tolerant and actually performs better with less water once established.

Here’s what curly-mesquite needs to succeed:

  • Sunlight: Full sun for best performance
  • Soil: Well-draining soils; adaptable to various soil types
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established; minimal irrigation needed
  • Temperature: Heat tolerant and suited to hot, dry climates

Planting and Establishment Tips

Getting curly-mesquite established is straightforward, but like most natives, it appreciates a little patience during its first season:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to help establish roots
  • Once established, reduce watering significantly – this grass actually prefers drier conditions
  • Allow the grass to spread naturally; it may form colonies over time
  • Minimal fertilization needed; too much can actually weaken the plant

Design Ideas and Companions

Curly-mesquite works beautifully as a naturalistic ground cover, especially when paired with other southwestern natives. Consider combining it with desert wildflowers, native shrubs, or other drought-tolerant grasses for a landscape that looks like it belongs.

Its low-growing, spreading habit makes it excellent for filling in spaces between larger plants or creating informal pathways through native garden areas.

The Bottom Line

If you’re gardening in the Southwest and want to embrace plants that truly belong in your region, curly-mesquite offers authenticity, resilience, and low-maintenance appeal. It may not have the flashy flowers of some garden favorites, but its quiet strength and ecological value make it a worthy addition to any native plant garden.

For gardeners tired of fighting their local climate, curly-mesquite represents a refreshing change – a plant that actually wants to grow where you live, without constant intervention from you.

Curly-mesquite

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Hilaria Kunth - curly-mesquite

Species

Hilaria belangeri (Steud.) Nash - curly-mesquite

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA