North America Native Plant

Cucumberleaf Sunflower

Botanical name: Helianthus debilis debilis

USDA symbol: HEDED

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Cucumberleaf Sunflower: A Charming Florida Native for Coastal Gardens If you’re looking for a cheerful, low-maintenance native plant that thrives in Florida’s challenging coastal conditions, the cucumberleaf sunflower (Helianthus debilis debilis) might just be your new gardening best friend. This delightful member of the sunflower family brings sunny yellow blooms ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Cucumberleaf Sunflower: A Charming Florida Native for Coastal Gardens

If you’re looking for a cheerful, low-maintenance native plant that thrives in Florida’s challenging coastal conditions, the cucumberleaf sunflower (Helianthus debilis debilis) might just be your new gardening best friend. This delightful member of the sunflower family brings sunny yellow blooms and effortless charm to any landscape while supporting local wildlife.

What Makes Cucumberleaf Sunflower Special?

The cucumberleaf sunflower is a true Florida native, naturally occurring throughout the Sunshine State’s coastal areas. As a herbaceous forb, this plant lacks woody stems but makes up for it with personality and resilience. Unlike its towering sunflower cousins, this variety stays closer to the ground, making it perfect for creating natural-looking landscapes that don’t require constant pruning or staking.

This adaptable plant can behave as either an annual or perennial depending on growing conditions, giving you flexibility in your garden planning. In ideal conditions, it may return year after year, while in harsher environments, it might complete its lifecycle in a single season.

Why Choose Cucumberleaf Sunflower for Your Garden?

There are plenty of reasons to fall in love with this native beauty:

  • Authentic Florida charm: Being native to Florida means it’s perfectly adapted to local conditions
  • Coastal tough: This plant can handle salt spray and sandy soils like a champ
  • Pollinator magnet: The bright yellow flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care and watering
  • Natural look: Perfect for wildflower meadows, coastal restoration, and naturalized landscapes

Where Does It Shine in Your Landscape?

Cucumberleaf sunflower works beautifully in several garden settings:

  • Native plant gardens where you want to showcase Florida’s natural beauty
  • Coastal landscapes that need salt-tolerant plants
  • Wildflower meadows for a casual, naturalized look
  • Ground cover areas where you want color without fuss
  • Butterfly gardens to support local pollinators

Growing Conditions and Care

One of the best things about native plants is how well they’re suited to local conditions, and cucumberleaf sunflower is no exception. Here’s what this sunny character prefers:

Location and Soil

Plant your cucumberleaf sunflower in full sun locations with well-draining, sandy soil. This plant actually thrives in the kind of sandy conditions that challenge many other garden plants. It’s particularly well-suited to USDA hardiness zones 9-11, making it perfect for Florida gardeners.

Watering and Maintenance

Once established, this drought-tolerant native requires very little supplemental watering. During establishment (the first few weeks after planting), provide regular water, but after that, natural rainfall should be sufficient in most Florida locations.

Planting Tips

  • Plant in spring after the last frost danger has passed
  • Space plants appropriately to allow for natural spread
  • Avoid heavy, clay soils that retain too much moisture
  • Consider companion planting with other Florida natives for a cohesive look

Supporting Wildlife and Pollinators

By choosing cucumberleaf sunflower, you’re not just adding beauty to your garden – you’re creating habitat and food sources for local wildlife. The bright yellow flowers provide nectar for pollinators, while the seeds that follow can feed birds and other wildlife. This creates a more balanced, sustainable garden ecosystem that supports Florida’s native creatures.

Is Cucumberleaf Sunflower Right for You?

If you’re a Florida gardener who appreciates low-maintenance plants with authentic local character, cucumberleaf sunflower deserves serious consideration. It’s particularly perfect for:

  • Beginning gardeners who want reliable, easy-care plants
  • Coastal property owners dealing with salt and sand challenges
  • Wildlife enthusiasts wanting to support local ecosystems
  • Anyone seeking sustainable, water-wise landscaping options

While it may not have the dramatic height of giant sunflowers or the formal structure of traditional garden perennials, cucumberleaf sunflower offers something equally valuable: the reliable, unpretentious beauty of a plant that truly belongs in the Florida landscape. Sometimes the best garden choices are the ones that work with nature rather than against it, and this charming native does exactly that.

Cucumberleaf Sunflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Helianthus L. - sunflower

Species

Helianthus debilis Nutt. - cucumberleaf sunflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA