North America Native Plant

Crum’s Candle Snuffer Moss

Botanical name: Encalypta brevicolla var. crumiana

USDA symbol: ENBRC

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Encalypta brevicolla (Bruch & Schimp.) Bruch ex Ångstr. ssp. crumiana Horton (ENBRC2)   

Crum’s Candle Snuffer Moss: A Rare North American Native Worth Knowing Have you ever stumbled across a tiny, unassuming moss and wondered about its story? Meet Crum’s candle snuffer moss (Encalypta brevicolla var. crumiana), a fascinating little plant that’s probably more special than you might think. This diminutive moss carries ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S4T1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Crum’s Candle Snuffer Moss: A Rare North American Native Worth Knowing

Have you ever stumbled across a tiny, unassuming moss and wondered about its story? Meet Crum’s candle snuffer moss (Encalypta brevicolla var. crumiana), a fascinating little plant that’s probably more special than you might think. This diminutive moss carries quite a bit of intrigue in its small package, and while you’re unlikely to find it at your local garden center, understanding what makes it tick can deepen your appreciation for the incredible diversity of native plants right under our feet.

What Exactly is Crum’s Candle Snuffer Moss?

Crum’s candle snuffer moss belongs to the bryophyte family – that’s the fancy term for the group that includes mosses, hornworts, and liverworts. These are some of our planet’s most ancient plants, and they’ve mastered the art of living simply. Unlike the flowering plants we typically think about for our gardens, mosses like this one are always herbaceous and have a knack for attaching themselves to solid surfaces like rocks, dead wood, or sometimes living trees rather than settling into soil like most plants.

This particular moss is native to North America, making it a true local treasure. However, its exact geographical distribution remains somewhat mysterious, which adds to its allure for plant enthusiasts and naturalists alike.

Why Should You Care About This Tiny Moss?

Here’s where things get really interesting – Crum’s candle snuffer moss has a Global Conservation Status of S4T1, which indicates it’s quite rare. This rarity status means that if you’re fortunate enough to encounter this moss in the wild, you’re looking at something genuinely special that deserves our respect and protection.

While this moss won’t be the star of your flower border or provide nectar for butterflies like traditional garden plants, it plays important ecological roles in its natural habitat. Mosses like this one help prevent soil erosion, retain moisture in their ecosystems, and provide microhabitats for tiny creatures you’d need a magnifying glass to appreciate.

Spotting Crum’s Candle Snuffer Moss in the Wild

If you’re interested in identifying this moss during your nature walks, you’ll want to look for its distinctive features. The candle snuffer part of its name likely refers to the shape of its reproductive structures, though detailed identification often requires close examination and sometimes even microscopic analysis.

Keep in mind that moss identification can be tricky business, and this particular variety might be confused with its close relative, Encalypta brevicolla. When in doubt, it’s best to consult with local botanists or moss enthusiasts who can help with proper identification.

A Garden Plant? Not So Much

Unlike many native plants we champion for home landscapes, Crum’s candle snuffer moss isn’t something you’d typically cultivate in your garden. Its specific habitat requirements and rarity make it more of a appreciate from a distance kind of plant. Plus, attempting to collect or transplant rare mosses from the wild isn’t just challenging – it’s also not great for conservation efforts.

If you’re interested in incorporating mosses into your garden design, there are other more common and readily available moss species that can provide similar aesthetic benefits without impacting rare populations.

The Bottom Line

While Crum’s candle snuffer moss might not find its way into your garden beds, knowing about it enriches our understanding of the incredible diversity of native plants around us. Its rarity reminds us that even the smallest, most unassuming plants can be precious and worthy of our protection.

Next time you’re out exploring natural areas, take a moment to appreciate the mosses you encounter. You might not spot this particular rare variety, but you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for these ancient, resilient plants that have been quietly doing their job for millions of years – long before flashier flowering plants ever appeared on the scene.

Crum’s Candle Snuffer Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Pottiales

Family

Encalyptaceae Schimp.

Genus

Encalypta Hedw. - candle snuffer moss

Species

Encalypta brevicolla (Bruch & Schimp.) Bruch ex Ångstr. - candle snuffer moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA