North America Native Plant

Creeping Bishop’s Cap

Botanical name: Mitella prostrata

USDA symbol: MIPR2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Creeping Bishop’s Cap: A Rare Native Gem for Shade Gardens If you’re looking for a unique native groundcover that’s as charming as it is uncommon, let me introduce you to creeping bishop’s cap (Mitella prostrata). This delicate perennial is one of those special plants that makes you feel like you’ve ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1S3Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Creeping Bishop’s Cap: A Rare Native Gem for Shade Gardens

If you’re looking for a unique native groundcover that’s as charming as it is uncommon, let me introduce you to creeping bishop’s cap (Mitella prostrata). This delicate perennial is one of those special plants that makes you feel like you’ve discovered a hidden treasure in the gardening world.

What Makes Creeping Bishop’s Cap Special?

Creeping bishop’s cap is a native herbaceous perennial that belongs to the saxifrage family. True to its name, this little plant has a creeping growth habit, spreading slowly to form a lovely groundcover in shaded areas. The bishop’s cap part of its name comes from the distinctive shape of its tiny seed capsules, which resemble the ceremonial headwear of bishops.

This charming forb produces delicate white flowers on slender stems that rise above heart-shaped basal leaves. While the blooms are small, they have an intricate, almost crystalline appearance that’s absolutely enchanting when you take the time to look closely.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

Creeping bishop’s cap is native to the northeastern United States, where you’ll find it naturally growing in Connecticut, New Jersey, New York, and Vermont. It’s perfectly adapted to the cool, moist conditions of northeastern woodlands.

Important Conservation Note

Here’s something crucial to know: creeping bishop’s cap has a conservation status that indicates it may be rare or uncommon in parts of its range. If you’re interested in growing this plant, it’s essential to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock rather than collecting from wild populations.

Why Grow Creeping Bishop’s Cap?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this native beauty for your garden:

  • Native ecosystem support: As a native species, it provides authentic habitat and food sources for local wildlife
  • Unique aesthetic: Its delicate flowers and creeping habit offer something different from typical groundcovers
  • Shade tolerance: Perfect for those challenging shady spots where many plants struggle
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care
  • Pollinator support: The small flowers attract tiny native pollinators like gnats and small flies

Ideal Growing Conditions

Creeping bishop’s cap thrives in conditions that mimic its native woodland habitat:

  • Light: Partial to full shade
  • Soil: Moist, well-drained, organic-rich soil
  • Climate: Cool, humid conditions (USDA zones 3-7)
  • Moisture: Consistent moisture without waterlogging

Perfect Garden Settings

This native gem works beautifully in:

  • Woodland gardens
  • Shade gardens
  • Native plant gardens
  • Rock gardens with adequate moisture
  • Areas under trees where grass struggles

Planting and Care Tips

Growing creeping bishop’s cap successfully requires attention to its preferences:

  • Site preparation: Amend soil with compost or leaf mold to improve organic content
  • Planting time: Early spring or fall when temperatures are cool
  • Spacing: Allow room for spreading, typically 12-18 inches apart
  • Watering: Keep soil consistently moist, especially during establishment
  • Mulching: Apply organic mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Maintenance: Minimal pruning needed; avoid disturbing once established

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While creeping bishop’s cap may seem modest, it plays an important role in supporting native ecosystems. Its small flowers provide nectar for tiny pollinators that are often overlooked but crucial for ecosystem health. The plant also contributes to the complex web of native plant communities that support various insects and other small wildlife.

Is Creeping Bishop’s Cap Right for Your Garden?

This native beauty is perfect for gardeners who appreciate subtle charm over flashy displays and want to support native ecosystems. However, because of its rarity, it’s not a plant to choose casually. If you decide to grow it, commit to providing the right conditions and sourcing it responsibly.

Consider creeping bishop’s cap if you have a shady spot that needs something special, you’re passionate about native plants, and you’re willing to seek out ethically sourced specimens. It’s not the easiest plant to find, but for those who appreciate rare native gems, it’s absolutely worth the effort.

Remember, every native plant we grow in our gardens is a small step toward supporting biodiversity and preserving our natural heritage. Creeping bishop’s cap might be small and humble, but it’s making a big difference in its own quiet way.

Creeping Bishop’s Cap

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Saxifragaceae Juss. - Saxifrage family

Genus

Mitella L. - miterwort

Species

Mitella prostrata Michx. - creeping bishop's cap

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA