North America Native Plant

Crater Lake Grapefern

Botanical name: Botrychium pumicola

USDA symbol: BOPU2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Crater Lake Grapefern: A Rare Pacific Northwest Treasure Meet the Crater Lake grapefern (Botrychium pumicola), one of Oregon’s most elusive native ferns and a true botanical gem that calls the Pacific Northwest home. This unassuming little perennial might not win any beauty contests, but it’s got a story that’ll make ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Crater Lake Grapefern: A Rare Pacific Northwest Treasure

Meet the Crater Lake grapefern (Botrychium pumicola), one of Oregon’s most elusive native ferns and a true botanical gem that calls the Pacific Northwest home. This unassuming little perennial might not win any beauty contests, but it’s got a story that’ll make any plant lover’s heart skip a beat.

What Makes This Fern Special?

The Crater Lake grapefern is what botanists call a moonwort – a member of the adder’s-tongue fern family that looks quite different from the typical frilly ferns you might know. Instead of the classic feathery fronds, this little guy sports a more modest appearance with small, divided leaves and distinctive clusters of spore cases that look remarkably like tiny grapes (hence the name!).

This perennial fern is native to the lower 48 states, but here’s where things get interesting – it’s found almost exclusively in Oregon, making it a true regional specialty.

Where to Find Crater Lake Grapefern

As its common name suggests, this fern has a very limited range centered around the Crater Lake area of Oregon. It’s what we call an endemic species, meaning it’s found naturally in this specific region and nowhere else on Earth.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Status

Here’s something every nature lover needs to know: the Crater Lake grapefern has a Global Conservation Status of S3, which means it’s considered Vulnerable. This little fern is rare and local throughout its limited range, with typically only 21 to 100 known occurrences and between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals in existence.

What this means for gardeners: Please don’t attempt to harvest this fern from the wild! Its vulnerable status means every plant counts toward the species’ survival.

Should You Try Growing Crater Lake Grapefern?

While the idea of growing such a unique native fern might be tempting, the Crater Lake grapefern presents some significant challenges:

  • It requires very specific growing conditions that are difficult to replicate in typical garden settings
  • Like many moonworts, it likely depends on complex relationships with soil fungi (mycorrhizae) that are hard to establish artificially
  • Its rarity means responsibly sourced material is extremely difficult to obtain
  • It’s naturally adapted to the unique volcanic soils and climate conditions of its native range

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

If you’re drawn to the unique charm of native ferns, consider these more garden-friendly Pacific Northwest natives instead:

  • Western sword fern (Polystichum munitum) – a robust, evergreen beauty
  • Lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina) – delicate and graceful
  • Deer fern (Blechnum spicant) – perfect for shady spots

How to Appreciate This Botanical Treasure

The best way to enjoy the Crater Lake grapefern is to appreciate it in its natural habitat. If you’re lucky enough to visit Oregon’s Crater Lake region during the growing season, keep your eyes peeled for this modest little fern. Remember to look but don’t touch – and definitely don’t dig!

Photography (without disturbing the plants) is a wonderful way to document and share the beauty of this rare species while helping raise awareness about Pacific Northwest botanical diversity.

The Bottom Line

The Crater Lake grapefern represents something special in the plant world – a reminder that not every beautiful native species belongs in our gardens. Sometimes, the best thing we can do as plant lovers is to protect these rare treasures by leaving them undisturbed in their natural homes and choosing more common native alternatives for our landscapes.

By understanding and respecting the Crater Lake grapefern’s vulnerable status, we can all play a part in ensuring this unique Pacific Northwest endemic continues to thrive for future generations to discover and admire.

Crater Lake Grapefern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Ophioglossales

Family

Ophioglossaceae Martinov - Adder's-tongue family

Genus

Botrychium Sw. - grapefern

Species

Botrychium pumicola Coville ex Underw. - Crater Lake grapefern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA