North America Native Plant

Coville’s Poppy

Botanical name: Eschscholzia minutiflora covillei

USDA symbol: ESMIC2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Eschscholzia covillei Greene (ESCO)  âš˜  Eschscholzia minutiflora S. Watson var. darwinensis M.E. Jones (ESMID)   

Coville’s Poppy: A Rare Gem for Native Plant Enthusiasts If you’re passionate about native plants and love discovering botanical treasures that most gardeners have never heard of, Coville’s poppy (Eschscholzia minutiflora covillei) might just capture your heart. This delicate annual wildflower is one of nature’s more elusive beauties, belonging to ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Coville’s Poppy: A Rare Gem for Native Plant Enthusiasts

If you’re passionate about native plants and love discovering botanical treasures that most gardeners have never heard of, Coville’s poppy (Eschscholzia minutiflora covillei) might just capture your heart. This delicate annual wildflower is one of nature’s more elusive beauties, belonging to the same family as the famous California poppy but with its own unique charm and story.

What Makes Coville’s Poppy Special?

Coville’s poppy is a native North American annual forb – essentially a soft-stemmed flowering plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. Unlike woody shrubs or trees, this little poppy stays herbaceous throughout its life, with all its growing energy focused on producing those precious blooms before setting seed.

You might also encounter this plant listed under its synonyms Eschscholzia covillei Greene or Eschscholzia minutiflora S. Watson var. darwinensis M.E. Jones in older botanical references – botanists love to keep us on our toes with name changes!

Where Does It Call Home?

This native beauty has a rather exclusive address, naturally occurring only in California and Nevada. Its limited geographic range makes it a true regional specialty, perfectly adapted to the unique conditions of the American Southwest.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s something important to know: Coville’s poppy carries a Global Conservation Status of S5T3, indicating it has some conservation significance. If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, please ensure you source seeds or plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or seed companies that collect ethically. Never collect from wild populations – let’s keep these beautiful plants thriving in their natural habitats for future generations to enjoy.

Is Coville’s Poppy Right for Your Garden?

This poppy is definitely not your typical garden center find, and that’s both its charm and its challenge. As a specialized native plant, it’s best suited for:

  • Native plant gardens focused on California/Nevada flora
  • Wildflower meadows in appropriate regions
  • Rock gardens or xerophytic landscapes
  • Educational or botanical demonstration gardens
  • Conservation-focused plantings

Because detailed growing information is limited for this specific subspecies, it’s likely best suited for experienced native plant gardeners who enjoy the challenge of growing rare species and don’t mind some trial and error.

Growing Tips and Considerations

As an annual, Coville’s poppy will need to reseed itself each year to maintain a presence in your garden. Like most members of the poppy family, it likely prefers:

  • Well-draining soil (poppies generally dislike soggy conditions)
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Minimal water once established (true to its southwestern heritage)
  • Direct seeding, as poppies often don’t transplant well

Since this is a regionally specific plant, it’s most likely to succeed in gardens within or near its native range of California and Nevada, where the climate and growing conditions naturally align with its needs.

The Bottom Line

Coville’s poppy is a plant for the true native plant enthusiast – someone who appreciates botanical diversity and wants to support rare native species. While it may not offer the showy display of more common garden plants, it provides the deep satisfaction of growing something truly special and contributing to the preservation of our native plant heritage.

If you’re new to native gardening, you might want to start with more commonly available native poppies or other native annuals before tackling this rare beauty. But if you’re ready for a rewarding challenge and can source it responsibly, Coville’s poppy could become a cherished addition to your native plant collection.

Coville’s Poppy

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Papaverales

Family

Papaveraceae Juss. - Poppy family

Genus

Eschscholzia Cham. - California poppy

Species

Eschscholzia minutiflora S. Watson - pygmy poppy

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA