North America Native Plant

Common Juniper

Botanical name: Juniperus communis var. charlottensis

USDA symbol: JUCOC4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada  

Common Juniper: A Hardy Native Conifer for Cold Climate Gardens If you’re gardening in the far north and looking for a tough-as-nails native shrub that laughs in the face of brutal winters, meet the common juniper (Juniperus communis var. charlottensis). This remarkable variety of our continent’s most widespread conifer brings ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Common Juniper: A Hardy Native Conifer for Cold Climate Gardens

If you’re gardening in the far north and looking for a tough-as-nails native shrub that laughs in the face of brutal winters, meet the common juniper (Juniperus communis var. charlottensis). This remarkable variety of our continent’s most widespread conifer brings serious cold tolerance and understated beauty to gardens where many other plants simply can’t survive.

What Makes This Juniper Special?

Juniperus communis var. charlottensis is a perennial, multi-stemmed woody shrub that typically stays under 13-16 feet tall, though it often grows much shorter in harsh conditions. Think of it as nature’s own bonsai – naturally compact and beautifully shaped by the elements. This isn’t your typical foundation shrub; it’s a survivor that’s evolved to thrive in some of North America’s most challenging climates.

Where It Calls Home

This hardy variety is native to Alaska and British Columbia, representing the northern edge of juniper territory. It grows naturally in these challenging northern regions where few other conifers dare to venture.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s something important to know: this variety has a Global Conservation Status of S5T3T4, which suggests it may be somewhat uncommon in parts of its range. If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, make sure you’re sourcing it responsibly from reputable nurseries that propagate rather than wild-collect their plants. Your garden can be part of conservation efforts!

Why Gardeners Love This Tough Customer

What’s not to love about a plant that:

  • Survives in USDA hardiness zones 2-6 (that’s seriously cold!)
  • Requires minimal care once established
  • Provides year-round structure and color
  • Supports local ecosystems as a native species
  • Tolerates poor soils and drought conditions

Perfect Garden Roles

This versatile native shines in several landscape situations:

  • Rock gardens where its compact form complements stone features
  • Foundation plantings for a naturalistic look
  • Ground cover for slopes or difficult areas
  • Alpine and cold-climate themed gardens
  • Xeriscaping projects in northern regions

Growing Your Common Juniper Successfully

The beauty of this plant lies in its simplicity. Here’s how to keep it happy:

Location: Choose a spot with full sun to partial shade. This juniper appreciates good air circulation and doesn’t mind exposed, windy locations.

Soil: Well-draining soil is essential. This plant absolutely hates wet feet, so avoid low-lying areas where water collects. It’s remarkably tolerant of poor, rocky, or sandy soils.

Planting: Spring planting gives the roots time to establish before winter, though container-grown plants can be planted throughout the growing season in northern climates.

Watering: Water regularly the first year to help establishment, then step back. Once mature, this drought-tolerant native rarely needs supplemental watering.

Maintenance: Here’s the best part – there’s almost nothing to do! Pruning is rarely needed, and this plant naturally maintains its attractive form.

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

As a native species, this juniper plays important ecological roles. The dense foliage provides shelter for small wildlife during harsh winters, and the plant contributes to the natural plant communities of northern regions. While it’s wind-pollinated rather than insect-pollinated, it’s still a valuable part of native ecosystems.

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

This common juniper variety is perfect for gardeners in very cold climates who want a low-maintenance, native shrub with year-round appeal. It’s especially valuable if you’re creating naturalistic landscapes, dealing with challenging growing conditions, or simply want a plant that won’t demand constant attention.

However, gardeners in warmer climates should look for other juniper varieties better suited to their conditions. And remember – if you do decide to grow this special variety, source it responsibly to support conservation efforts.

Sometimes the most extraordinary plants are the ones that make surviving in impossible conditions look effortless. The common juniper variety charlottensis is definitely one of those remarkable plants.

Common Juniper

Classification

Group

Gymnosperm

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Coniferophyta - Conifers

Subdivision
Class

Pinopsida

Subclass
Order

Pinales

Family

Cupressaceae Gray - Cypress family

Genus

Juniperus L. - juniper

Species

Juniperus communis L. - common juniper

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA