North America Native Plant

Columbian Bryoerythrophyllum Moss

Botanical name: Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum

USDA symbol: BRCO13

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Barbula columbiana (F.J. Herm. & E. Lawton) E. Lawton & F.J. Herm. (BACO7)  ⚘  Didymodon columbianus F.J. Herm. & E. Lawton (DICO18)   

Discovering Columbian Bryoerythrophyllum Moss: A Pacific Northwest Native If you’ve ever wandered through the misty forests of the Pacific Northwest and noticed tiny, cushion-like growths adorning rocks and fallen logs, you might have encountered the charming Columbian bryoerythrophyllum moss. This little-known native moss species adds subtle beauty to naturalistic gardens ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Discovering Columbian Bryoerythrophyllum Moss: A Pacific Northwest Native

If you’ve ever wandered through the misty forests of the Pacific Northwest and noticed tiny, cushion-like growths adorning rocks and fallen logs, you might have encountered the charming Columbian bryoerythrophyllum moss. This little-known native moss species adds subtle beauty to naturalistic gardens while playing an important ecological role in its native habitat.

What Is Columbian Bryoerythrophyllum Moss?

Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum, commonly known as Columbian bryoerythrophyllum moss, is a small terrestrial moss native to North America. Like all mosses, it’s a non-flowering plant that reproduces through spores rather than seeds. This particular species belongs to a group of mosses that prefer to attach themselves to solid surfaces like rocks, logs, and sometimes thin soil layers rather than growing directly in garden soil.

You might also encounter this moss under its former scientific names, including Barbula columbiana and Didymodon columbianus, as botanical classification has evolved over time.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

This moss is native to the Pacific Northwest region of North America, with populations primarily found in British Columbia and Washington state. It thrives in the cool, moist climate that characterizes this region, making it perfectly adapted to areas with mild, wet winters and relatively dry summers.

Identifying Columbian Bryoerythrophyllum Moss

Recognizing this moss in the wild requires a keen eye, as it forms small, dense cushions or mats. Key identifying features include:

  • Small, tufted growth habit forming compact cushions
  • Coloration ranging from green to reddish-brown, particularly when dry
  • Preference for growing on rock surfaces and decaying wood
  • Typically found in shaded to partially shaded locations

Benefits in Garden Settings

While mosses don’t attract pollinators like flowering plants do, Columbian bryoerythrophyllum moss offers several garden benefits:

  • Provides natural ground cover in rock gardens and alpine settings
  • Adds textural interest with its cushion-like growth pattern
  • Requires minimal maintenance once established
  • Helps prevent soil erosion on slopes and rocky areas
  • Creates habitat for tiny beneficial insects and microorganisms

Is It Right for Your Garden?

This moss works best in specialized garden settings that mimic its natural habitat. Consider it for:

  • Rock gardens with partial to full shade
  • Alpine or mountain-themed landscapes
  • Naturalistic gardens emphasizing native Pacific Northwest plants
  • Areas where traditional grass or groundcovers struggle

Keep in mind that this species thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-8, preferring cool, moist conditions similar to its native range.

A Word About Conservation

Columbian bryoerythrophyllum moss has a conservation status of S3S4, indicating it may be somewhat rare or uncommon in parts of its range. If you’re interested in incorporating this moss into your garden, it’s crucial to source it responsibly. Never collect moss from wild populations, as this can harm fragile ecosystems. Instead, work with specialized native plant nurseries or moss suppliers who propagate their stock sustainably.

Growing Conditions and Care

Unlike traditional garden plants, mosses like Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum don’t require soil amendments, fertilizers, or regular watering once established. They prefer:

  • Shaded to partially shaded locations
  • Cool, humid conditions
  • Good air circulation
  • Surfaces like rocks, logs, or thin soil layers
  • Protection from foot traffic and disturbance

The Bottom Line

Columbian bryoerythrophyllum moss might not be the showiest addition to your garden, but it offers quiet charm and ecological value for gardeners interested in Pacific Northwest native plants. Its low-maintenance nature and unique texture make it an excellent choice for rock gardens and naturalistic landscapes. Just remember to source it responsibly and provide the cool, moist conditions it loves. With the right setting, this little moss can add an authentic touch of the Pacific Northwest’s wild beauty to your garden.

Columbian Bryoerythrophyllum Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Pottiales

Family

Pottiaceae Hampe

Genus

Bryoerythrophyllum Chen - bryoerythrophyllum moss

Species

Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum (F.J. Herm. & E. Lawton) R.H. Zander - Columbian bryoerythrophyllum moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA