North America Native Plant

Coastal Sand Paspalum

Botanical name: Paspalum maritimum

USDA symbol: PAMA16

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Coastal Sand Paspalum: A Hardy Native Grass for Tropical Shores If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or other tropical coastal areas and looking for a tough, low-maintenance ground cover that can handle salt spray and sandy soils, coastal sand paspalum (Paspalum maritimum) might just be your new best friend. This ...

Coastal Sand Paspalum: A Hardy Native Grass for Tropical Shores

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or other tropical coastal areas and looking for a tough, low-maintenance ground cover that can handle salt spray and sandy soils, coastal sand paspalum (Paspalum maritimum) might just be your new best friend. This unassuming native grass has quietly been doing the hard work of stabilizing coastlines and thriving in challenging conditions long before we started thinking about sustainable landscaping.

What is Coastal Sand Paspalum?

Coastal sand paspalum is a perennial graminoid – that’s botanist-speak for a grass-like plant that belongs to the grass family. Don’t let the technical term fool you; this is simply a hardy, low-growing grass that forms dense mats along coastal areas. Its fine-textured leaves and delicate seed heads give it a soft, natural appearance that works beautifully in informal landscape designs.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This resilient grass is native to Puerto Rico, where it has evolved to thrive in the challenging conditions found along tropical coastlines. You’ll find it naturally growing in sandy soils where many other plants would struggle to survive.

Why Choose Coastal Sand Paspalum for Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this native grass for your landscape:

  • Native plant benefits: As a true native species, it supports local ecosystems and requires minimal resources once established
  • Exceptional salt tolerance: Perfect for beachfront properties where salt spray kills most other plants
  • Erosion control champion: Its dense mat-forming growth habit helps stabilize sandy soils
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires very little care or supplemental watering
  • Drought tolerant: Adapted to survive in well-draining sandy soils with minimal rainfall

Ideal Growing Conditions

Coastal sand paspalum thrives in conditions that would challenge many garden plants:

  • Soil: Sandy, well-draining soils (essential – this grass won’t tolerate waterlogged conditions)
  • Sun exposure: Full sun for best growth and density
  • Climate zones: USDA hardiness zones 10-11 (tropical and subtropical regions)
  • Moisture: Drought tolerant once established, but benefits from occasional watering during extended dry periods

Best Uses in Garden and Landscape Design

This versatile grass works well in several landscape applications:

  • Coastal gardens: Ideal for beachfront properties and salt-exposed areas
  • Ground cover: Excellent for covering large areas with minimal maintenance
  • Erosion control: Perfect for stabilizing slopes and sandy areas
  • Naturalized landscapes: Great for creating low-maintenance, natural-looking spaces
  • Xeriscaping: An excellent choice for water-wise gardening in appropriate climates

Planting and Care Tips

Getting coastal sand paspalum established is relatively straightforward:

  • Site preparation: Ensure excellent drainage – amend heavy soils with sand if necessary
  • Planting: Plant during warm weather when growth is most active
  • Initial watering: Provide regular water until established (usually 4-6 weeks)
  • Long-term care: Once established, minimal care is needed beyond occasional watering during severe droughts
  • Fertilization: Generally unnecessary in most soils

Wildlife and Environmental Benefits

While coastal sand paspalum is wind-pollinated and doesn’t directly attract pollinators like flowering plants do, it still provides valuable ecosystem services. Its dense growth creates habitat for small wildlife and its extensive root system helps prevent soil erosion – a crucial function in coastal environments.

Is Coastal Sand Paspalum Right for Your Garden?

This native grass is an excellent choice if you garden in USDA zones 10-11 and need a low-maintenance ground cover for challenging conditions. It’s particularly valuable for coastal properties, naturalized landscapes, and anyone interested in supporting native plant communities. However, gardeners outside of tropical zones should look for native grasses adapted to their specific climate instead.

If you’re working with sandy soils, salt exposure, or simply want a reliable native ground cover that won’t demand constant attention, coastal sand paspalum deserves serious consideration. It may not be the showiest plant in the garden, but sometimes the best performers are the ones that quietly do their job while you focus on other gardening adventures.

Coastal Sand Paspalum

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Paspalum L. - crowngrass

Species

Paspalum maritimum Trin. - coastal sand paspalum

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA