North America Native Plant

Coastal Sage Scrub Oak

Botanical name: Quercus dumosa var. elegantula

USDA symbol: QUDUE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Coastal Sage Scrub Oak: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about California native plants and have a thing for rare botanical treasures, the coastal sage scrub oak (Quercus dumosa var. elegantula) might just capture your gardening heart. This diminutive oak variety represents one of nature’s more exclusive ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2T1T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Coastal Sage Scrub Oak: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about California native plants and have a thing for rare botanical treasures, the coastal sage scrub oak (Quercus dumosa var. elegantula) might just capture your gardening heart. This diminutive oak variety represents one of nature’s more exclusive offerings – a plant so uncommon that it deserves our careful attention and respect.

What Makes This Oak Special

The coastal sage scrub oak is a perennial shrub that stays refreshingly compact compared to its towering oak cousins. Typically reaching just 13-16 feet in height, this multi-stemmed beauty forms a manageable presence in the landscape. Its evergreen leaves are leathery and spiny-edged, giving it a distinctive texture that adds year-round interest to any garden.

Unlike the massive valley oaks that dominate California’s interior landscapes, this variety maintains a more intimate scale while still producing the characteristic acorns that make oaks such valuable wildlife plants.

Where It Calls Home

This oak is native to the lower 48 states, specifically found only in California. Its natural range is quite limited, occurring primarily in coastal areas and some of California’s Channel Islands, where it thrives in the Mediterranean climate conditions.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. The coastal sage scrub oak carries a Global Conservation Status of S2T1T2, which indicates it’s genuinely rare in the wild. This isn’t just a plant you can casually add to your shopping cart – it’s a species that needs our protection and thoughtful consideration.

If you’re determined to grow this oak, please only source it from reputable native plant nurseries that practice responsible propagation. Never collect from wild populations, and consider whether your garden can truly provide the long-term care this rare plant deserves.

Garden Design Potential

For the right gardener in the right location, coastal sage scrub oak offers unique possibilities:

  • Perfect for Mediterranean-style landscapes
  • Excellent in drought-tolerant garden designs
  • Ideal as a specimen plant or small grove
  • Wonderful for California native plant gardens
  • Provides habitat for local wildlife

Growing Conditions and Care

This oak thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9-10, making it suitable for most coastal and southern California gardens. It prefers:

  • Well-draining soil (crucial for preventing root rot)
  • Full sun to partial shade exposure
  • Minimal water once established – it’s beautifully drought-tolerant
  • Good air circulation

Planting and Care Tips

If you’ve sourced your coastal sage scrub oak responsibly, here’s how to give it the best start:

  • Plant in fall when cooler weather helps establishment
  • Water regularly the first year, then reduce significantly
  • Avoid summer irrigation once established
  • Minimal pruning required – let it develop its natural form
  • Mulch around the base but keep mulch away from the trunk

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

While this oak is wind-pollinated rather than dependent on insect pollinators, it still provides valuable ecosystem services. The acorns feed various wildlife species, and the shrub itself offers nesting habitat and shelter for birds and small mammals.

Should You Grow It?

The coastal sage scrub oak isn’t for every gardener, and that’s perfectly okay. Its rarity means it should only be grown by dedicated native plant enthusiasts who understand the responsibility that comes with cultivating rare species. If you’re new to native gardening, consider starting with more common California oaks or other drought-tolerant natives.

However, if you’re an experienced native plant gardener with the right growing conditions and a commitment to conservation, this little oak could be a meaningful addition to your landscape – a living reminder of California’s unique botanical heritage that deserves our protection.

Remember: with rare plants comes great responsibility. Choose wisely, source ethically, and help ensure that future generations can appreciate these botanical treasures both in gardens and in the wild.

Coastal Sage Scrub Oak

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Fagales

Family

Fagaceae Dumort. - Beech family

Genus

Quercus L. - oak

Species

Quercus dumosa Nutt. - coastal sage scrub oak

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA