North America Native Plant

Coastal Pricklypear

Botanical name: Opuntia littoralis var. austrocalifornica

USDA symbol: OPLIA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Coastal Pricklypear: A Hardy Native Cactus for Water-Wise Gardens If you’re looking to add some southwestern flair to your garden while supporting local ecosystems, the coastal pricklypear might just be your new best friend. This charming native cactus brings both beauty and practicality to water-wise landscapes, though it does come ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3T1T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘

Coastal Pricklypear: A Hardy Native Cactus for Water-Wise Gardens

If you’re looking to add some southwestern flair to your garden while supporting local ecosystems, the coastal pricklypear might just be your new best friend. This charming native cactus brings both beauty and practicality to water-wise landscapes, though it does come with some important considerations for the conscientious gardener.

What is Coastal Pricklypear?

Coastal pricklypear (Opuntia littoralis var. austrocalifornica) is a perennial cactus that’s as tough as it is attractive. This multi-stemmed succulent typically stays manageable in size, usually growing less than 13 to 16 feet tall, though most garden specimens remain much smaller. Don’t let its prickly exterior fool you – this plant is a true gem for the right garden setting.

Where Does It Call Home?

This variety of pricklypear is a California native, specifically thriving in the coastal regions of southern California. As a plant that’s perfectly adapted to the Golden State’s Mediterranean climate, it knows how to handle both coastal fog and inland heat with equal aplomb.

A Word About Conservation

Here’s something important to know: coastal pricklypear has a conservation status that suggests it may be somewhat rare or declining in certain areas. If you decide to add this beauty to your garden, please make sure you’re getting it from a reputable nursery that propagates their plants responsibly rather than collecting from wild populations.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

There are plenty of reasons to fall for this prickly charmer:

  • Stunning yellow blooms appear in spring, followed by colorful red or purple fruits
  • Extremely drought tolerant once established
  • Attracts bees and other important pollinators
  • Provides food and shelter for various wildlife species
  • Requires virtually no maintenance once settled in
  • Perfect for xeriscaping and water-wise landscaping

Where Does It Fit in Your Garden?

Coastal pricklypear shines in several landscape settings:

  • Desert and Mediterranean-style gardens
  • Rock gardens and succulent displays
  • Slopes and areas with poor soil
  • Low-water landscape borders
  • As an accent plant in drought-tolerant designs

Growing Conditions and Care

The good news? This cactus is refreshingly low-maintenance. Here’s what it needs to thrive:

Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 9-11, making it perfect for warmer regions with mild winters.

Light: Full sun is essential – this plant loves basking in bright, direct sunlight all day long.

Soil: Well-draining soil is absolutely crucial. Sandy or rocky soil works best, and it can handle poor soil conditions that would challenge other plants.

Water: Once established, water sparingly. This plant is built for drought and can actually suffer from too much water.

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your coastal pricklypear off to a good start is straightforward:

  • Plant in spring when temperatures are warming up
  • Always wear thick gloves when handling – those spines mean business!
  • Water lightly after planting, then reduce frequency as the plant establishes
  • Protect from hard frost, especially young plants
  • No fertilizer needed – this plant prefers lean conditions
  • Prune only to remove damaged pads, using tongs or thick gloves

Is Coastal Pricklypear Right for Your Garden?

This native cactus is an excellent choice if you’re creating a water-wise garden, live in a suitable climate zone, and want to support local ecosystems. It’s particularly perfect for gardeners who love low-maintenance plants with high visual impact.

However, it might not be the best fit if you have small children who play frequently in the garden area, or if you live in a region with wet winters and poor drainage.

Remember to source your plant responsibly from reputable nurseries, and you’ll have a beautiful, eco-friendly addition that celebrates California’s natural heritage while requiring minimal care from you.

Coastal Pricklypear

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Cactaceae Juss. - Cactus family

Genus

Opuntia Mill. - pricklypear

Species

Opuntia littoralis (Engelm.) Cockerell - coastal pricklypear

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA