North America Native Plant

Coastal Gilia

Botanical name: Gilia diegensis

USDA symbol: GIDI

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Coastal Gilia: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting in Your Garden Meet coastal gilia (Gilia diegensis), a charming little annual wildflower that’s as elusive as it is beautiful. This delicate native Californian deserves a spot in your garden—but there’s an important catch that every responsible gardener should know about first. ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Coastal Gilia: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting in Your Garden

Meet coastal gilia (Gilia diegensis), a charming little annual wildflower that’s as elusive as it is beautiful. This delicate native Californian deserves a spot in your garden—but there’s an important catch that every responsible gardener should know about first.

What Makes Coastal Gilia Special

Coastal gilia is a true California native, belonging to the diverse and colorful Gilia genus. As an annual forb, this petite wildflower completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making it a perfect candidate for adding seasonal interest to your native plant palette. Unlike woody shrubs or perennial herbs, coastal gilia is a soft-stemmed plant that puts all its energy into producing flowers and seeds before the year is up.

Where You’ll Find This Rare Beauty

This special little wildflower calls coastal California home, specifically thriving in the unique climate and soil conditions found in this region. Its limited distribution makes it a true local treasure—one that’s becoming increasingly rare in the wild.

Important Conservation Note

Here’s where things get serious: coastal gilia has a Global Conservation Status of S3?, which indicates some level of conservation concern. While the exact rarity ranking is undefined, this designation suggests that the species faces potential threats in its native habitat. If you’re interested in growing coastal gilia, it’s absolutely crucial that you source seeds or plants only from reputable native plant nurseries that collect responsibly and sustainably.

Garden Role and Aesthetic Appeal

Don’t let its conservation status scare you away from appreciating this lovely plant! Coastal gilia brings a delicate, natural charm to wildflower gardens and naturalized landscapes. Its small stature and annual nature make it perfect for:

  • Filling gaps in native plant borders
  • Adding seasonal color to coastal gardens
  • Creating authentic California wildflower meadows
  • Supporting local ecosystem restoration projects

Growing Conditions and Care

Like many California natives, coastal gilia has adapted to the state’s Mediterranean climate and prefers:

  • Well-draining soils (clay or sandy loam work well)
  • Full sun to partial shade exposure
  • USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10
  • Minimal water once established

Planting and Care Tips

Growing coastal gilia successfully means working with its natural annual cycle:

  • Direct seed in fall for spring blooms
  • Scatter seeds on prepared soil and lightly rake in
  • Water gently until germination, then reduce watering
  • Allow plants to self-seed for natural population maintenance
  • Avoid over-fertilizing, which can encourage excessive foliage at the expense of flowers

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

While specific research on coastal gilia’s wildlife benefits is limited, plants in the Gilia genus typically attract small native bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects. By growing this native annual, you’re likely providing nectar and pollen resources for local pollinator populations that have co-evolved with California’s native flora.

The Bottom Line

Coastal gilia represents both an opportunity and a responsibility for California gardeners. This rare native annual can add authentic local character to your landscape while supporting regional biodiversity. However, its conservation status means you must be extra careful about sourcing—only purchase from nurseries that practice sustainable collection methods or participate in conservation seed programs.

If you can source coastal gilia responsibly, you’ll be rewarded with a piece of California’s natural heritage right in your own backyard. Plus, you’ll be contributing to the conservation of this special species by providing additional habitat and helping maintain genetic diversity through cultivation.

Coastal Gilia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Polemoniaceae Juss. - Phlox family

Genus

Gilia Ruiz & Pav. - gilia

Species

Gilia diegensis (Munz) A.D. Grant & V.E. Grant - coastal gilia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA