North America Native Plant

Coastal Bird’s-foot Trefoil

Botanical name: Lotus salsuginosus var. salsuginosus

USDA symbol: LOSAS

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Hosackia maritima Nutt. (HOMA5)   

Coastal Bird’s-Foot Trefoil: A Charming California Native for Seaside Gardens If you’re looking for a delightful native plant that thrives in California’s coastal conditions, meet the coastal bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus salsuginosus var. salsuginosus). This charming little annual might not win any height contests, but what it lacks in stature, it ...

Coastal Bird’s-Foot Trefoil: A Charming California Native for Seaside Gardens

If you’re looking for a delightful native plant that thrives in California’s coastal conditions, meet the coastal bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus salsuginosus var. salsuginosus). This charming little annual might not win any height contests, but what it lacks in stature, it more than makes up for in coastal garden appeal and ecological value.

What Makes This Plant Special?

Coastal bird’s-foot trefoil is a true California native, naturally occurring along the state’s coastal regions. As an annual forb, this herbaceous plant completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, producing lovely small flowers before setting seed for the next generation. You might also see it listed under its botanical synonym, Hosackia maritima, in older gardening references.

The name salsuginosus gives us a big clue about this plant’s preferences – it means growing in salty places, which perfectly describes its natural coastal habitat.

Where Does It Grow?

This native beauty calls California home, specifically thriving in coastal environments where many other plants struggle with salt spray and sandy soils. It’s perfectly adapted to the unique challenges of seaside gardening.

Why Grow Coastal Bird’s-Foot Trefoil?

There are several compelling reasons to consider adding this native plant to your garden:

  • True native status: Supporting local ecosystems by growing plants that naturally belong in your area
  • Coastal adaptation: Perfect for seaside gardens where salt tolerance is essential
  • Low maintenance: As a native annual, it’s naturally suited to local conditions
  • Pollinator support: Like other members of the pea family, it likely provides nectar for bees and other beneficial insects
  • Ecological authenticity: Helps recreate natural coastal plant communities

Growing Coastal Bird’s-Foot Trefoil Successfully

Since this plant is naturally adapted to California’s coastal conditions, growing it successfully means mimicking its native environment:

Climate and Hardiness

Based on its California coastal distribution, this plant is likely suited for USDA hardiness zones 9-10, where it can complete its annual cycle without harsh freezes.

Ideal Growing Conditions

While specific cultivation details are limited, we can make educated guesses based on its natural habitat:

  • Soil: Well-draining, sandy soils that mimic coastal conditions
  • Salt tolerance: Likely handles salt spray and somewhat saline soils
  • Water needs: Probably drought-tolerant once established, following typical California native patterns
  • Sun exposure: Likely prefers full sun to partial shade

Garden Design Ideas

Coastal bird’s-foot trefoil works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on California coastal species
  • Seaside landscapes where salt tolerance is crucial
  • Naturalized areas that replicate coastal prairie or dune habitats
  • Low-maintenance gardens that celebrate local ecology

A Word of Caution

As with any native plant, especially one with limited cultivation information, it’s important to source seeds or plants responsibly. Look for reputable native plant nurseries or seed suppliers who can provide locally adapted material.

The Bottom Line

Coastal bird’s-foot trefoil may be a modest annual, but it offers something special for California gardeners: a chance to grow a true coastal native that supports local ecosystems while adding authentic charm to seaside gardens. While it might not be the showiest plant in your garden, its ecological value and coastal adaptation make it a worthy addition to any native plant collection.

If you’re creating a coastal native garden or simply want to support California’s indigenous plant communities, this little trefoil deserves a spot in your landscape plan.

Coastal Bird’s-foot Trefoil

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lotus L. - trefoil

Species

Lotus salsuginosus Greene - coastal bird's-foot trefoil

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA