North America Native Plant

Clubmoss Mountain Heather

Botanical name: Cassiope lycopodioides var. lycopodioides

USDA symbol: CALYL2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada  

Clubmoss Mountain Heather: A Tiny Arctic Treasure for Cold-Climate Gardens If you’ve ever dreamed of bringing a piece of the Arctic tundra to your garden, clubmoss mountain heather (Cassiope lycopodioides var. lycopodioides) might just be the plant for you. This diminutive evergreen shrub is as unique as it is challenging ...

Clubmoss Mountain Heather: A Tiny Arctic Treasure for Cold-Climate Gardens

If you’ve ever dreamed of bringing a piece of the Arctic tundra to your garden, clubmoss mountain heather (Cassiope lycopodioides var. lycopodioides) might just be the plant for you. This diminutive evergreen shrub is as unique as it is challenging to grow, making it a true conversation starter for the adventurous cold-climate gardener.

What Makes Clubmoss Mountain Heather Special?

Don’t let the name fool you – this isn’t actually a heather or a clubmoss, but rather a member of the heath family that just happens to look remarkably like both! This perennial shrub typically stays quite small, usually growing less than 13-16 feet in height (though in garden settings, expect something much more modest). What really sets it apart is its distinctive appearance: tiny, scale-like leaves arranged in four neat rows along the stems, creating that characteristic clubmoss-like texture that gives the plant its common name.

During its blooming period, clubmoss mountain heather produces delicate, small white bell-shaped flowers that seem almost too dainty for such a tough, cold-weather survivor.

Where Does It Come From?

Clubmoss mountain heather is a true northerner, native to the harsh but beautiful landscapes of Alaska and Canada, specifically thriving in British Columbia and Alaska. This plant has evolved to handle some of the most extreme growing conditions on the continent, from frigid temperatures to short growing seasons.

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Here’s where we need to have an honest conversation. While clubmoss mountain heather is absolutely fascinating and native to North America, it’s not exactly what you’d call a beginner-friendly garden plant. This Arctic native is extremely particular about its growing conditions and can be quite challenging to establish and maintain outside of its natural range.

You might want to consider this plant if:

  • You live in USDA hardiness zones 1-4 (possibly zone 5 with perfect conditions)
  • You’re an experienced gardener looking for a unique challenge
  • You have a rock garden or alpine garden setup
  • You can provide consistently cool, moist conditions with excellent drainage
  • You’re passionate about native plants from extreme climates

You might want to skip this one if:

  • You live in a warm climate (zones 6 and above)
  • You prefer low-maintenance plants
  • You don’t have experience with specialized growing conditions
  • You’re looking for a fast-growing or showy garden plant

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re determined to give clubmoss mountain heather a try, here’s what you’ll need to know:

Climate Requirements: This plant absolutely requires a cold climate. It’s hardy in USDA zones 1-4, and even zone 5 might be pushing it unless you have a particularly cool microclimate.

Soil Needs: Well-draining, acidic soil is essential. Think about recreating the conditions of an Arctic tundra – the soil should be moist but never waterlogged, with excellent drainage to prevent root rot.

Light Requirements: Full sun to partial shade, but remember that full sun in its native Arctic environment is quite different from full sun in lower latitudes.

Watering: Keep consistently moist but not soggy. The key is replicating the cool, humid conditions of its native habitat.

Garden Design and Landscaping Uses

When successfully established, clubmoss mountain heather works beautifully in:

  • Rock gardens with other alpine plants
  • Cold-climate specialty gardens
  • Naturalized areas designed to mimic tundra conditions
  • Collections of unusual native plants

Its small stature and unique texture make it an excellent accent plant, though don’t expect it to be a showstopper in terms of size or dramatic blooms.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

In its native range, clubmoss mountain heather provides nectar for specialized cold-climate pollinators. While it won’t attract the typical garden butterflies and bees, it can support unique pollinators adapted to harsh northern conditions if you’re gardening within its natural range.

The Bottom Line

Clubmoss mountain heather is undeniably fascinating – a tiny piece of the Arctic that tells the story of plant adaptation to extreme conditions. However, it’s definitely a plant for the specialist gardener in the right climate zone. If you’re in a warm climate or looking for easy-care plants, you’ll want to admire this one from afar and perhaps consider other native options better suited to your area.

For those brave souls in the far north with the right conditions and plenty of patience, growing clubmoss mountain heather can be an incredibly rewarding way to connect with the unique flora of North America’s Arctic regions. Just remember – this is one plant that definitely plays by its own rules!

Clubmoss Mountain Heather

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Ericales

Family

Ericaceae Juss. - Heath family

Genus

Cassiope D. Don - mountain heather

Species

Cassiope lycopodioides (Pall.) D. Don - clubmoss mountain heather

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA