North America Native Plant

Cliff Fern

Botanical name: Woodsia ×kansana

USDA symbol: WOKA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Cliff Fern (Woodsia ×kansana): A Rare Native Fern Mystery Meet one of North America’s most elusive native ferns: the cliff fern, scientifically known as Woodsia ×kansana. This little-known perennial fern represents a fascinating piece of our native botanical heritage, though it’s so rare that many gardeners—and even botanists—have never encountered ...

Cliff Fern (Woodsia ×kansana): A Rare Native Fern Mystery

Meet one of North America’s most elusive native ferns: the cliff fern, scientifically known as Woodsia ×kansana. This little-known perennial fern represents a fascinating piece of our native botanical heritage, though it’s so rare that many gardeners—and even botanists—have never encountered it in the wild.

What Makes This Fern Special?

The × in its scientific name tells us an important story—this is a hybrid fern, meaning it’s the result of two different Woodsia species crossing naturally in the wild. These botanical love stories are relatively rare in the fern world, making Woodsia ×kansana something of a natural treasure.

As a member of the cliff fern family, this perennial grows as what botanists call a forb—essentially a non-woody plant that lacks significant woody tissue above ground. Don’t let the technical terminology fool you though; we’re talking about a delicate, small fern that would fit right into a fairy garden if you could find one!

Where Does It Call Home?

Here’s where things get really interesting (and a bit concerning): Woodsia ×kansana appears to be native exclusively to Kansas. That’s an incredibly restricted range for any plant species, making it quite possibly one of the rarest native ferns in North America.

A Garden Rarity Worth Protecting

If you’re dreaming of adding this unique cliff fern to your native plant collection, pump the brakes for a moment. Due to its extremely limited distribution and rarity, this isn’t a plant you’ll find at your local nursery—or probably anywhere else, for that matter.

The responsible approach? If you’re lucky enough to live in Kansas and happen upon this fern in the wild, take photos and enjoy the moment, but leave the plant undisturbed. Its rarity means every individual plant is precious for the species’ survival.

What We Know (And Don’t Know)

Honestly, there’s a lot of mystery surrounding Woodsia ×kansana. Here’s what we can piece together:

  • It’s a perennial fern, so it comes back year after year
  • Like other cliff ferns, it probably prefers rocky, well-draining sites
  • Being a hybrid, it may have unique characteristics from both parent species
  • Its extreme rarity suggests very specific growing requirements

Alternatives for Your Native Fern Garden

While Woodsia ×kansana might be off-limits for most gardeners, Kansas and surrounding areas have other wonderful native ferns you can grow responsibly:

  • Other Woodsia species that are more common and available through reputable native plant sources
  • Christmas fern (Polystichum acrostichoides) for year-round greenery
  • Lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina) for delicate, lacy texture

The Bottom Line

Woodsia ×kansana serves as a reminder that our native plant world still holds mysteries and treasures we’re only beginning to understand. While you probably won’t be growing this particular cliff fern in your backyard, knowing it exists enriches our appreciation for the incredible diversity of native plants right here in North America.

Sometimes the best way to grow a rare plant is to support its conservation in the wild and choose more readily available native alternatives for our gardens. Your local native plant society or extension office can point you toward Kansas native ferns that will thrive in cultivation while supporting local ecosystems.

Cliff Fern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Woodsia R. Br. - cliff fern

Species

Woodsia ×kansana R.E. Brooks [obtusa × oregana] - cliff fern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA