North America Native Plant

Chihuahuan Vervain

Botanical name: Verbena pinetorum

USDA symbol: VEPI

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Chihuahuan Vervain: A Rare Desert Treasure Worth Protecting Meet the Chihuahuan vervain (Verbena pinetorum), a little-known native wildflower that’s as elusive as it is intriguing. This perennial forb calls the American Southwest home, but don’t expect to find it at your local garden center – this desert gem is actually ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Chihuahuan Vervain: A Rare Desert Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet the Chihuahuan vervain (Verbena pinetorum), a little-known native wildflower that’s as elusive as it is intriguing. This perennial forb calls the American Southwest home, but don’t expect to find it at your local garden center – this desert gem is actually quite rare and deserves our special attention.

What Makes Chihuahuan Vervain Special?

Chihuahuan vervain is a true native of the lower 48 states, specifically found growing wild in Arizona. As a member of the vervain family, it shares the characteristic tough-as-nails attitude that makes these plants survivors in harsh desert conditions. Unlike woody shrubs or trees, this forb lacks significant woody tissue above ground, instead relying on underground structures to weather the seasons.

Where Does It Grow?

Currently, Verbena pinetorum is documented only in Arizona, making it a true regional specialty. This limited distribution is part of what makes this plant so remarkable – and so vulnerable.

A Plant That Needs Our Help

Here’s where things get serious: Chihuahuan vervain has a Global Conservation Status of S3, which means it’s considered vulnerable. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences and between 3,000 to 10,000 individuals estimated in the wild, this isn’t your everyday garden plant. It’s rare either because it’s naturally uncommon throughout its range or grows only in very specific, restricted areas.

Should You Grow Chihuahuan Vervain?

If you’re lucky enough to garden within this plant’s native Arizona range and can find responsibly sourced material, growing Chihuahuan vervain could be a wonderful way to support native plant conservation. However, there are some important considerations:

  • Only source plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that ethically propagate their stock
  • Never collect from wild populations – this could harm already vulnerable communities
  • Consider it a specialty plant for dedicated native plant enthusiasts rather than general landscaping

The Growing Challenge

Here’s the honest truth: detailed growing information for Verbena pinetorum is pretty scarce. This reflects both its rarity and its limited presence in cultivation. As a desert native, it likely prefers well-draining soils and can handle drought conditions once established, but specific care requirements remain largely undocumented in horticultural literature.

If you’re interested in growing vervains but want something more readily available, consider looking into other native Verbena species that might be more common in your area. Many vervains share similar growing preferences and can provide that authentic native plant experience with better-known care requirements.

Supporting Conservation

Whether or not you decide to grow Chihuahuan vervain, you can support its conservation by:

  • Learning about and protecting native plant habitats in Arizona
  • Supporting organizations that work on native plant conservation
  • Choosing other native plants for your garden to create habitat corridors
  • Spreading awareness about rare native species like this one

Sometimes the most important native plants aren’t the showiest or easiest to grow – they’re the quiet survivors that remind us of the incredible diversity hiding in our natural landscapes. Chihuahuan vervain might be small and rare, but it represents something precious: a unique piece of our native plant heritage that deserves our respect and protection.

Chihuahuan Vervain

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil. - Verbena family

Genus

Verbena L. - vervain

Species

Verbena pinetorum Moldenke - Chihuahuan vervain

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA