North America Native Plant

Chapman’s Yelloweyed Grass

Botanical name: Xyris chapmanii

USDA symbol: XYCH

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Chapman’s Yelloweyed Grass: A Rare Wetland Gem for Conservation-Minded Gardeners If you’re passionate about native plants and have the perfect wetland conditions, Chapman’s yelloweyed grass (Xyris chapmanii) might just be the rare treasure you’ve been searching for. But before you get too excited, there are some important things you need ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: New Jersey

Status: S3: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ New Jersey Highlands region ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Region: New Jersey

Region: New Jersey

Chapman’s Yelloweyed Grass: A Rare Wetland Gem for Conservation-Minded Gardeners

If you’re passionate about native plants and have the perfect wetland conditions, Chapman’s yelloweyed grass (Xyris chapmanii) might just be the rare treasure you’ve been searching for. But before you get too excited, there are some important things you need to know about this delicate perennial forb.

What Makes Chapman’s Yelloweyed Grass Special

Chapman’s yelloweyed grass is a charming native plant that produces small, bright yellow flowers on slender stems above grass-like foliage. Don’t let the name fool you – it’s not actually a grass at all, but rather a herbaceous perennial that belongs to the yelloweyed grass family. This unassuming plant has a delicate, almost ethereal appearance that adds subtle beauty to wetland areas.

A Rare Native with a Scattered Range

This lovely native species calls the southeastern United States home, with populations scattered across Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas. There’s also a surprising disjunct population way up north in New Jersey, making it a true botanical curiosity.

Important Conservation Considerations

Here’s where things get serious: Chapman’s yelloweyed grass is considered globally vulnerable with a conservation status of S3. In some states like Alabama and New Jersey, it’s even rarer with an S1 status, meaning it’s critically imperiled. If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, you absolutely must source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs – never collect from the wild.

Do You Have the Right Conditions?

Before falling in love with this plant, take an honest look at your growing space. Chapman’s yelloweyed grass is what we call an obligate wetland plant, which means it almost always occurs in wetlands. This isn’t a plant you can pop into your regular perennial border and expect to thrive.

Essential growing requirements include:

  • Consistently wet, saturated soils
  • Acidic soil conditions
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • USDA hardiness zones 7-9
  • Wetland or bog-like conditions

Perfect Garden Settings

If you do have the right conditions, Chapman’s yelloweyed grass shines in:

  • Constructed wetlands and rain gardens
  • Bog gardens with acidic, saturated soils
  • Native plant restoration projects
  • Specialized conservation gardens
  • Naturalistic wetland plantings

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While specific wildlife benefits for this species aren’t well-documented, wetland plants like Chapman’s yelloweyed grass typically support specialized pollinators adapted to wet environments. The small yellow flowers likely attract native bees and other beneficial insects that thrive in wetland ecosystems.

Growing and Care Tips

Success with Chapman’s yelloweyed grass requires patience and the right setup:

  • Never let the soil dry out – it needs constant moisture
  • Maintain acidic soil pH
  • Avoid fertilizers, which can disrupt wetland ecosystems
  • Allow natural seasonal fluctuations if possible
  • Be patient – establishing wetland plants takes time

Should You Grow Chapman’s Yelloweyed Grass?

This plant isn’t for everyone, and that’s perfectly okay! Chapman’s yelloweyed grass is best suited for dedicated conservationists with appropriate wetland conditions who can source plants responsibly. If you have a constructed wetland, bog garden, or are involved in habitat restoration, this rare beauty could be a meaningful addition to your conservation efforts.

However, if you’re looking for wetland plants that are easier to grow and more readily available, consider other native options like blue flag iris, cardinal flower, or swamp milkweed, depending on your region.

Remember, growing rare plants like Chapman’s yelloweyed grass is as much about conservation as it is about gardening. If you choose to grow it, you’re becoming a steward of a vulnerable species – and that’s pretty special.

Chapman’s Yelloweyed Grass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Commelinales

Family

Xyridaceae C. Agardh - Yellow-eyed Grass family

Genus

Xyris L. - yelloweyed grass

Species

Xyris chapmanii Bridges & Orzell - Chapman's yelloweyed grass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA