North America Native Plant

Chaparral Nightshade

Botanical name: Solanum xanti var. montanum

USDA symbol: SOXAM

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Chaparral Nightshade: A Rare Native Gem for Your Drought-Tolerant Garden If you’re looking to add a touch of native California charm to your garden, chaparral nightshade (Solanum xanti var. montanum) might just be the understated beauty you’ve been searching for. This perennial herb brings authentic regional character to landscapes while ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T1T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Chaparral Nightshade: A Rare Native Gem for Your Drought-Tolerant Garden

If you’re looking to add a touch of native California charm to your garden, chaparral nightshade (Solanum xanti var. montanum) might just be the understated beauty you’ve been searching for. This perennial herb brings authentic regional character to landscapes while supporting local ecosystems – though there are some important considerations before adding it to your plant list.

What Makes Chaparral Nightshade Special

Chaparral nightshade is a true native of the American West, naturally occurring in California and Nevada. As a member of the nightshade family, it produces delicate star-shaped flowers that typically range from white to soft purple, creating subtle seasonal interest without overwhelming your garden’s design.

This plant grows as what botanists call a forb – essentially a non-woody perennial herb that dies back to ground level but returns year after year from its root system. Don’t let the technical term fool you; it’s simply a reliable, low-maintenance addition to the right garden setting.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Before you start planning where to plant chaparral nightshade, there’s something important to know: this variety has a conservation status that suggests it may be uncommon in the wild. If you’re interested in growing this native beauty, it’s crucial to source your plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock rather than wild-collecting.

Where Chaparral Nightshade Shines

This native works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on California or Nevada flora
  • Drought-tolerant landscapes that celebrate regional plants
  • Chaparral restoration projects
  • Naturalistic garden designs with minimal irrigation

As a ground-level perennial, chaparral nightshade fills the important role of understory plantings, working well beneath taller shrubs or as part of a mixed native herb garden.

Growing Chaparral Nightshade Successfully

The good news is that once established, chaparral nightshade embodies the plant it and forget it philosophy that makes native gardening so appealing.

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soils (clay, sand, or rocky conditions all work)
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; minimal summer water needed
  • Climate: Best suited for USDA zones 8-10

Planting and Care Tips

Plant chaparral nightshade in fall or early spring when cooler temperatures help establishment. The key to success is avoiding overwatering – this native has evolved to thrive in California’s dry summers and doesn’t appreciate constant moisture.

During the first growing season, provide occasional deep watering to help roots establish, then gradually reduce irrigation. Once mature, this plant typically survives on natural rainfall alone in most of its native range.

Benefits for Wildlife and Pollinators

Like many native plants, chaparral nightshade supports local ecosystems in ways that non-native alternatives simply can’t match. The flowers attract native bees and other small pollinators, while the plant’s overall presence contributes to the complex web of relationships that keep native habitats healthy.

Is Chaparral Nightshade Right for Your Garden?

Consider chaparral nightshade if you’re passionate about native plants, live within its natural range (California or Nevada), and want to support local biodiversity. However, given its conservation status, only proceed if you can source plants from responsible nurseries.

For gardeners outside its native range or those unable to find responsibly sourced plants, consider exploring other native Solanum species or nightshade family members native to your specific region. Your local native plant society can provide excellent alternatives that offer similar benefits without conservation concerns.

Remember, the best native garden is one that celebrates and supports your local ecosystem while respecting the conservation needs of rare species. Chaparral nightshade can be a wonderful addition to the right garden – just make sure you’re growing it responsibly.

Chaparral Nightshade

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Solanaceae Juss. - Potato family

Genus

Solanum L. - nightshade

Species

Solanum xanti A. Gray - chaparral nightshade

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA