North America Native Plant

Cephaloziella Rubella Rubella Var. Bifida

Botanical name: Cephaloziella rubella rubella var. bifida

USDA symbol: CERUB

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Discovering Cephaloziella rubella var. bifida: A Tiny Native Liverwort Have you ever wondered about the tiniest plants sharing space in your garden? Meet Cephaloziella rubella var. bifida, a microscopic marvel that’s probably been living right under your nose—literally! This diminutive liverwort is one of North America’s native bryophytes, part of ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Discovering Cephaloziella rubella var. bifida: A Tiny Native Liverwort

Have you ever wondered about the tiniest plants sharing space in your garden? Meet Cephaloziella rubella var. bifida, a microscopic marvel that’s probably been living right under your nose—literally! This diminutive liverwort is one of North America’s native bryophytes, part of an ancient group of plants that have been quietly doing their thing for millions of years.

What Exactly Is This Tiny Plant?

Cephaloziella rubella var. bifida is a liverwort, which puts it in the same family as mosses and hornworts—the bryophytes. Think of liverworts as the quiet cousins of the plant world. They’re herbaceous (always soft and green, never woody) and prefer to attach themselves to solid surfaces like rocks, dead wood, or even living tree bark rather than growing directly in soil like most plants we’re familiar with.

This particular species is native to North America, making it a true local resident that’s been part of our ecosystems long before any of us started gardening.

Why Should You Care About Something So Small?

You might be thinking, Why should I care about a plant I can barely see? Here’s the thing—these tiny liverworts are actually garden heroes in disguise:

  • They help retain moisture in your garden’s microenvironments
  • They contribute to the overall biodiversity of your outdoor space
  • They’re indicators of healthy, stable growing conditions
  • They add to the complex web of life that supports larger plants and wildlife

Spotting This Miniature Marvel

Identifying Cephaloziella rubella var. bifida requires a bit of detective work and probably a magnifying glass! Like most liverworts, it forms small, flattened structures that might look like tiny green scales or leaves. You’re most likely to find it growing on:

  • Damp rocks or stone surfaces
  • Dead wood or fallen logs
  • Tree bark in shaded, humid areas
  • Soil surfaces in protected, moist locations

The var. bifida part of its name gives us a clue—bifida means split into two parts, which refers to some characteristic of its structure that helps distinguish it from other varieties.

Conservation Considerations

This liverwort has a somewhat uncertain conservation status (listed as S5T3?), which means scientists aren’t entirely sure how common or rare it is. This uncertainty is pretty typical for bryophytes—they’re often overlooked in surveys because of their tiny size, but that doesn’t mean they’re not important!

Creating Liverwort-Friendly Conditions

While you can’t exactly plant liverworts like you would a tomato, you can certainly create conditions that welcome them:

  • Maintain areas of consistent moisture without waterlogging
  • Preserve dead wood and natural debris in shaded areas
  • Avoid using harsh chemicals or fertilizers in areas where bryophytes grow
  • Create microclimates with rocks, logs, or other natural structures

The Bottom Line

Cephaloziella rubella var. bifida might not be the showstopper of your garden, but it’s part of the intricate tapestry that makes healthy ecosystems work. If you spot what looks like tiny green scales growing on rocks or wood in your garden, take a moment to appreciate these ancient survivors. They’re quietly contributing to your garden’s biodiversity while asking for nothing more than a little moisture and some peace and quiet.

Remember, the best gardens aren’t just about the plants we choose to grow—they’re also about creating space for the wild natives that choose to grow with us!

Cephaloziella Rubella Rubella Var. Bifida

Classification

Group

Liverwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Hepaticophyta - Liverworts

Subdivision

Hepaticae

Class

Hepaticopsida

Subclass

Jungermanniae

Order

Jungermanniales

Family

Cephaloziellaceae Douin

Genus

Cephaloziella (Spruce) Schiffn., nom. cons.

Species

Cephaloziella rubella (Nees) Warnst.

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA