North America Native Plant

Castetter’s Milkvetch

Botanical name: Astragalus castetteri

USDA symbol: ASCA16

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Castetter’s Milkvetch: A Rare Gem for New Mexico Native Gardens If you’re a New Mexico gardener with a passion for rare native plants, you might want to get acquainted with Castetter’s milkvetch (Astragalus castetteri). This little-known perennial legume is one of the Land of Enchantment’s botanical treasures, though it comes ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Castetter’s Milkvetch: A Rare Gem for New Mexico Native Gardens

If you’re a New Mexico gardener with a passion for rare native plants, you might want to get acquainted with Castetter’s milkvetch (Astragalus castetteri). This little-known perennial legume is one of the Land of Enchantment’s botanical treasures, though it comes with some important considerations for responsible gardening.

What Makes Castetter’s Milkvetch Special?

Castetter’s milkvetch is a native New Mexico perennial that belongs to the pea family. This hardy little plant produces delicate purple to pink pea-like flowers that bloom against a backdrop of silvery-green compound leaves. While it may not be the showiest plant in your garden, it has a subtle charm that native plant enthusiasts absolutely adore.

Where Does It Grow?

This milkvetch is endemic to New Mexico, meaning you won’t find it growing naturally anywhere else in the world. It’s primarily found in the Rio Grande Valley region, where it has adapted to the area’s unique growing conditions over thousands of years.

Important Conservation Notice

Here’s where things get serious, fellow gardeners. Castetter’s milkvetch has a Global Conservation Status of S3, which means it’s considered vulnerable. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences and between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals remaining in the wild, this plant is genuinely rare and needs our protection.

If you’re interested in growing this species, please only use responsibly sourced material from reputable native plant nurseries or seed companies that practice ethical collection methods. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations.

Why Grow Castetter’s Milkvetch?

Despite its rarity (or perhaps because of it), there are compelling reasons to consider this plant for your New Mexico native garden:

  • It’s incredibly drought-tolerant once established
  • Attracts native bees and other small pollinators
  • Helps support local biodiversity
  • Perfect for xerophytic and rock gardens
  • Low maintenance once established
  • Unique conversation piece for native plant enthusiasts

Growing Conditions and Care

Castetter’s milkvetch is adapted to New Mexico’s challenging growing conditions, which means it has some specific needs:

Climate and Hardiness

This plant thrives in USDA hardiness zones 6-9, making it suitable for most of New Mexico’s elevations and climate variations.

Soil Requirements

Like many desert natives, excellent drainage is absolutely critical. Plant in sandy or gravelly soils that drain quickly after rain or irrigation. Heavy clay or water-retentive soils are a recipe for disaster with this species.

Sun and Water

Full sun is preferred, and once established, this plant has very low water requirements. In fact, overwatering is more likely to kill it than drought.

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in spring after the last frost
  • Ensure excellent drainage by amending heavy soils with sand or gravel
  • Water sparingly during establishment, then reduce to minimal supplemental irrigation
  • Avoid fertilizing – these plants are adapted to nutrient-poor soils
  • Be patient – this species can be slow to establish and may be challenging for novice native gardeners

Garden Design Ideas

Castetter’s milkvetch works beautifully in:

  • Native New Mexico plant collections
  • Rock gardens and xeriscapes
  • Pollinator gardens focused on native species
  • Conservation-themed landscapes

The Bottom Line

Castetter’s milkvetch isn’t for every gardener or every garden. It’s a specialized plant that requires specific growing conditions and a commitment to conservation-minded gardening practices. However, if you’re passionate about preserving New Mexico’s native flora and have the right growing conditions, this rare beauty could be a meaningful addition to your landscape.

Remember, by growing rare natives like Castetter’s milkvetch responsibly, you’re not just creating a unique garden – you’re participating in conservation efforts that help preserve these vulnerable species for future generations. Just make sure you source your plants or seeds ethically, and never disturb wild populations.

Castetter’s Milkvetch

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Astragalus L. - milkvetch

Species

Astragalus castetteri Barneby - Castetter's milkvetch

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA