North America Native Plant

Caruzo

Botanical name: Ichnanthus pallens var. pallens

USDA symbol: ICPAP

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Ichnanthus axillaris (Nees) Hitchc. & Chase (ICAX)  âš˜  Panicum pallens Sw. (PAPA29)   

Caruzo: A Native Puerto Rican Grass Worth Knowing If you’re gardening in tropical climates and looking to support native ecosystems, you might want to get acquainted with caruzo (Ichnanthus pallens var. pallens). This perennial grass species is a true Puerto Rican native that’s been quietly growing in the Caribbean long ...

Caruzo: A Native Puerto Rican Grass Worth Knowing

If you’re gardening in tropical climates and looking to support native ecosystems, you might want to get acquainted with caruzo (Ichnanthus pallens var. pallens). This perennial grass species is a true Puerto Rican native that’s been quietly growing in the Caribbean long before exotic ornamental grasses became popular in landscaping.

What Exactly is Caruzo?

Caruzo belongs to the grass family (Poaceae) and is classified as a perennial grass or grass-like plant. You might also see it listed under its botanical synonyms Ichnanthus axillaris or Panicum pallens in older references. Like many native grasses, caruzo has adapted specifically to the unique growing conditions of its homeland.

Where Does Caruzo Call Home?

This grass is endemic to Puerto Rico, meaning it naturally occurs nowhere else in the world. Its entire native range is confined to this beautiful Caribbean island, making it a truly special species for local gardeners who want to celebrate their region’s unique botanical heritage.

Why Consider Growing Caruzo?

Here are some compelling reasons why caruzo might deserve a spot in your tropical garden:

  • Native credentials: Supporting native plant species helps maintain local ecosystem balance and provides habitat for indigenous wildlife
  • Adapted to local conditions: Being a true native, caruzo is naturally suited to Puerto Rico’s climate, rainfall patterns, and soil conditions
  • Low maintenance potential: Native plants typically require less water, fertilizer, and pest control once established
  • Unique heritage: Growing caruzo connects your garden to the island’s natural botanical legacy

The Challenges of Growing Caruzo

Let’s be honest – caruzo isn’t the easiest plant to find or grow. Here are some potential drawbacks to consider:

  • Limited availability: You won’t find caruzo at your typical garden center, and sourcing seeds or plants may require connecting with native plant specialists or botanical gardens
  • Specialized requirements: As a native species, caruzo may have specific growing needs that aren’t well-documented in standard gardening guides
  • Unknown ornamental value: Unlike popular ornamental grasses, we don’t have detailed information about caruzo’s aesthetic appeal or landscape performance

Growing Conditions and Care

Since caruzo is native to Puerto Rico, we can make some educated guesses about its preferred growing conditions based on the island’s tropical climate:

  • Climate: Thrives in tropical conditions with warm temperatures year-round
  • Hardiness: Likely suited for USDA zones 10-11, similar to other Puerto Rican natives
  • Rainfall: Adapted to the Caribbean’s seasonal rainfall patterns
  • Soil: Probably tolerates the varied soil conditions found across Puerto Rico

Is Caruzo Right for Your Garden?

Caruzo is best suited for gardeners who:

  • Live in Puerto Rico or similar tropical climates
  • Are passionate about native plant conservation
  • Enjoy the challenge of growing unusual or rare species
  • Want to create authentic tropical landscapes using indigenous plants
  • Are willing to research and experiment with specialized growing techniques

The Bottom Line

While caruzo may not be the showiest grass in the garden center, it offers something special: a direct connection to Puerto Rico’s natural heritage. If you’re committed to native gardening and have the patience to source and learn about this unique grass, caruzo could be a meaningful addition to your tropical landscape. Just remember that growing native species like caruzo is as much about conservation and education as it is about gardening – and that’s part of what makes it special.

For the best chance of success, try connecting with local botanical gardens, native plant societies, or university extension programs in Puerto Rico who might have experience with caruzo or can point you toward reliable sources and growing information.

Caruzo

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Ichnanthus P. Beauv. - bedgrass

Species

Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro ex Benth. - caruzo

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA