North America Native Plant

Caruzo

Botanical name: Ichnanthus pallens var. majus

USDA symbol: ICPAM

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Panicum pallens Sw. var. majus Nees (PAPAM3)   

Caruzo: A Native Puerto Rican Grass Worth Knowing If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico and looking to embrace native plants, you might want to get acquainted with caruzo (Ichnanthus pallens var. majus). This perennial grass is a true local, calling Puerto Rico home and offering gardeners a chance to support ...

Caruzo: A Native Puerto Rican Grass Worth Knowing

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico and looking to embrace native plants, you might want to get acquainted with caruzo (Ichnanthus pallens var. majus). This perennial grass is a true local, calling Puerto Rico home and offering gardeners a chance to support indigenous plant communities right in their own backyard.

What Makes Caruzo Special?

Caruzo belongs to the grass family (Poaceae), making it a relative of more familiar lawn grasses, but with the distinct advantage of being perfectly adapted to Puerto Rican conditions. As a perennial, this grass comes back year after year, establishing itself as a reliable part of your landscape once it gets going.

You might also see this plant referenced by its synonym, Panicum pallens var. majus, in older botanical texts, but don’t let the scientific names intimidate you – it’s still the same trustworthy native grass.

Where Does Caruzo Grow?

This grass is exclusively found in Puerto Rico, making it a truly special addition to any Puerto Rican garden. Its limited geographic range means that by choosing caruzo, you’re supporting a plant that has evolved specifically for your local conditions and climate.

Why Choose a Native Grass Like Caruzo?

Native plants like caruzo offer several compelling advantages:

  • They’re naturally adapted to local rainfall patterns and soil conditions
  • They support local ecosystems and wildlife
  • They typically require less water and maintenance once established
  • They help preserve Puerto Rico’s unique botanical heritage

The Reality of Growing Caruzo

Here’s where we need to be honest: caruzo is not your typical garden center find. This native grass falls into the category of plants that are ecologically important but not widely cultivated or studied for home gardening. If you’re interested in growing caruzo, you’ll likely need to:

  • Connect with native plant societies or botanical institutions in Puerto Rico
  • Look for seeds or plants through specialized native plant sources
  • Be prepared for some trial and error as you learn its preferences

What We Know About Growing Caruzo

While specific cultivation information is limited, we can make some educated guesses based on its native status and grass family characteristics:

  • As a Puerto Rican native, it should thrive in tropical conditions
  • Being a perennial grass, it will likely establish slowly but persist once settled
  • It probably prefers the growing conditions typical of its natural Puerto Rican habitat

Is Caruzo Right for Your Garden?

Consider caruzo if you’re:

  • Passionate about native plants and supporting local ecosystems
  • Willing to experiment with less common species
  • Looking to create a truly authentic Puerto Rican landscape
  • Interested in contributing to the preservation of native plant knowledge

However, if you’re looking for a well-documented grass with established growing guides and easy availability, you might want to start with other native Puerto Rican plants that are better studied and more readily available.

The Bigger Picture

Caruzo represents something important in the gardening world – our native plant heritage. While we may not have all the answers about growing this particular grass, every gardener who chooses native plants helps preserve the genetic diversity and ecological relationships that make each region unique.

If you decide to seek out caruzo for your garden, consider documenting your experience. Your observations could help other gardeners and contribute valuable knowledge about this understudied native species.

Caruzo

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Ichnanthus P. Beauv. - bedgrass

Species

Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro ex Benth. - caruzo

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA