North America Native Plant

Caroline Banyan

Botanical name: Ficus prolixa var. carolinensis

USDA symbol: FIPRC

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii  

Caroline Banyan: A Rare Pacific Island Native Tree If you’re looking for an unusual native tree with tropical flair, the Caroline banyan might catch your attention. This lesser-known member of the fig family brings a touch of Pacific island mystique to suitable growing environments, though it’s definitely not your average ...

Caroline Banyan: A Rare Pacific Island Native Tree

If you’re looking for an unusual native tree with tropical flair, the Caroline banyan might catch your attention. This lesser-known member of the fig family brings a touch of Pacific island mystique to suitable growing environments, though it’s definitely not your average backyard tree.

What is the Caroline Banyan?

The Caroline banyan (Ficus prolixa var. carolinensis) is a perennial tree native to the Pacific Basin, specifically found growing naturally in Guam and Palau. As a variety of Ficus prolixa, this tree typically develops a single trunk and can reach impressive heights of over 13-16 feet, though environmental conditions may sometimes result in shorter, multi-stemmed growth forms.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This Pacific island native has a very limited natural range, growing only in:

  • Guam
  • Palau

Should You Plant a Caroline Banyan?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. The Caroline banyan is quite specialized, with very limited information available about its specific growing requirements and garden performance. This rarity in cultivation means it’s not typically found in standard nurseries or garden centers.

Consider this tree if:

  • You live in a tropical or subtropical climate similar to its native Pacific island habitat
  • You’re passionate about rare and unusual native species
  • You have experience growing other Ficus species
  • You’re working on a specialized Pacific island native plant collection

Think twice if:

  • You’re a beginning gardener looking for easy-care options
  • You live outside tropical/subtropical zones
  • You need guaranteed availability from local nurseries
  • You prefer well-documented, tried-and-true garden plants

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for this variety is limited, we can draw some general guidance from its Pacific island origins and Ficus family characteristics:

Climate Needs: As a Pacific Basin native, the Caroline banyan likely thrives in warm, humid tropical to subtropical conditions. Think year-round warmth with adequate moisture.

General Ficus Care Tips:

  • Provide well-draining soil that retains some moisture
  • Ensure protection from strong winds when young
  • Allow plenty of space for mature size
  • Water regularly during establishment, then as needed

Landscape Role and Design Ideas

Given its tree form and Pacific island heritage, the Caroline banyan would likely work well as:

  • A specimen tree in tropical landscape designs
  • Part of a native Pacific island plant collection
  • A conversation piece for plant enthusiasts
  • An educational component in botanical gardens or arboretums

The Bottom Line

The Caroline banyan represents one of those fascinating plant mysteries – a native species with limited documentation that appeals to the adventurous gardener. While we can’t provide detailed growing instructions due to limited research, its Pacific island origin suggests it needs consistently warm, humid conditions to thrive.

If you’re drawn to this unique tree, your best bet is connecting with botanical institutions, Pacific island native plant societies, or specialized nurseries that work with rare tropical species. Just remember that growing rare natives often requires patience, experimentation, and a willingness to learn as you go.

For most gardeners seeking reliable tropical trees, consider exploring other well-documented Ficus species or native alternatives suited to your specific region. But for those ready to embark on a horticultural adventure, the Caroline banyan offers the thrill of growing something truly uncommon.

Caroline Banyan

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Urticales

Family

Moraceae Gaudich. - Mulberry family

Genus

Ficus L. - fig

Species

Ficus prolixa G. Forst. - fig

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA