North America Native Plant

Carolina Goldenrod

Botanical name: Solidago pulchra

USDA symbol: SOPU3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Carolina Goldenrod: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting Meet Carolina goldenrod (Solidago pulchra), a perennial wildflower that’s as special as it is scarce. This native beauty is found exclusively in North Carolina, making it a true botanical treasure of the Southeast. While most gardeners are familiar with common goldenrods, Carolina ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Carolina Goldenrod: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting

Meet Carolina goldenrod (Solidago pulchra), a perennial wildflower that’s as special as it is scarce. This native beauty is found exclusively in North Carolina, making it a true botanical treasure of the Southeast. While most gardeners are familiar with common goldenrods, Carolina goldenrod deserves a spotlight for both its ecological value and its conservation story.

A North Carolina Native with a Story

Carolina goldenrod is what botanists call an endemic species – it naturally occurs only in North Carolina and nowhere else on Earth. This herbaceous perennial belongs to the diverse goldenrod family, but unlike its more widespread cousins, Solidago pulchra has a much more limited range.

What makes this plant particularly noteworthy is its conservation status. Carolina goldenrod is classified as S3 or Vulnerable, meaning it’s at risk due to its rarity. Scientists estimate there are only 21 to 100 known populations, with roughly 3,000 to 10,000 individual plants in the wild. This rarity makes every garden specimen precious.

Why Consider Carolina Goldenrod for Your Garden?

Despite its scarcity in the wild, Carolina goldenrod offers several compelling reasons to include it in the right garden setting:

  • True native status: As a plant native to the lower 48 states (specifically North Carolina), it’s perfectly adapted to local conditions
  • Pollinator magnet: Like other goldenrods, it likely provides crucial late-season nectar for bees, butterflies, and other pollinators
  • Low maintenance: As a native perennial forb, it should thrive with minimal care once established
  • Conservation value: Growing it helps preserve genetic diversity outside of wild populations

The Responsible Sourcing Imperative

Important: Given Carolina goldenrod’s vulnerable status, never collect seeds or plants from wild populations. This could harm already fragile ecosystems and potentially violate conservation laws. Instead, seek out reputable native plant nurseries that propagate this species responsibly from cultivated stock.

If you can’t find responsibly sourced Carolina goldenrod, consider supporting its conservation by choosing other native North Carolina goldenrods that provide similar ecological benefits without the rarity concerns.

Growing Carolina Goldenrod Successfully

While specific growing information for Solidago pulchra is limited due to its rarity, we can make educated recommendations based on its North Carolina heritage and goldenrod family traits:

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Climate: Likely thrives in USDA hardiness zones 7-9, matching North Carolina’s range
  • Soil: Probably adaptable to various soil types, as most goldenrods are quite tolerant
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade, typical for most goldenrods
  • Water: Moderate moisture needs, likely drought-tolerant once established

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in spring after the last frost date
  • Space plants according to their mature size (specific dimensions unknown for this species)
  • Mulch around plants to conserve moisture and suppress weeds
  • Allow seed heads to remain through winter for wildlife benefit
  • Divide clumps every few years to maintain vigor and create new plants

Garden Design and Landscape Role

Carolina goldenrod is best suited for:

  • Native plant gardens: Perfect for showcasing regional flora
  • Naturalized areas: Ideal for meadow-style plantings
  • Pollinator gardens: Provides important late-season blooms
  • Conservation gardens: Helps preserve rare native species

Avoid formal, manicured landscapes where its natural, somewhat wild appearance might look out of place.

The Bottom Line

Carolina goldenrod represents both an opportunity and a responsibility. If you can source it ethically from reputable native plant growers, it’s a wonderful addition to naturalistic gardens and conservation-minded landscapes. However, its rarity means we must be extra careful about how we obtain and grow it.

By choosing to grow this vulnerable native, you become part of its conservation story – helping ensure that future generations of both gardeners and wildlife can enjoy this special North Carolina treasure. Just remember: responsible sourcing isn’t just recommended, it’s essential for protecting what little remains of this botanical gem in the wild.

Carolina Goldenrod

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Solidago L. - goldenrod

Species

Solidago pulchra Small - Carolina goldenrod

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA