North America Native Plant

Carolina Desert-thorn

Botanical name: Lycium carolinianum var. quadrifidum

USDA symbol: LYCAQ

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Carolina Desert-Thorn: A Hardy Native Shrub for Coastal Gardens If you’re looking for a tough-as-nails native plant that can handle salt spray, drought, and still provide food for wildlife, meet the Carolina desert-thorn (Lycium carolinianum var. quadrifidum). This unassuming shrub might not win any beauty contests, but it’s a champion ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S4T2T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Carolina Desert-Thorn: A Hardy Native Shrub for Coastal Gardens

If you’re looking for a tough-as-nails native plant that can handle salt spray, drought, and still provide food for wildlife, meet the Carolina desert-thorn (Lycium carolinianum var. quadrifidum). This unassuming shrub might not win any beauty contests, but it’s a champion when it comes to surviving in challenging coastal conditions.

What Is Carolina Desert-Thorn?

Carolina desert-thorn is a perennial, multi-stemmed woody shrub that typically grows 4 to 5 meters (13 to 16 feet) tall, though it can vary depending on growing conditions. True to its name, this plant sports thorns and belongs to the nightshade family. Don’t let the desert part fool you – this variety is perfectly at home in coastal environments.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This native plant calls the Gulf Coast home, naturally occurring in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. It’s specifically adapted to the challenging conditions found in coastal areas, making it an excellent choice for gardeners in these regions who want to work with nature rather than against it.

Why Consider Planting Carolina Desert-Thorn?

Here are some compelling reasons to give this native shrub a spot in your landscape:

  • Salt tolerance: Perfect for coastal properties where salt spray kills other plants
  • Drought resistance: Once established, it needs minimal watering
  • Wildlife value: Small white to pale purple flowers attract pollinators, and the red berries feed birds
  • Low maintenance: Thrives with minimal care once established
  • Native credentials: Supports local ecosystems and requires fewer resources than non-native alternatives

Important Conservation Note

Before you rush out to plant Carolina desert-thorn, there’s something important to know: this variety has a conservation status that suggests it may be uncommon in parts of its range. If you decide to grow it, please source your plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or seed suppliers who can verify the plant’s origins. Avoid collecting from wild populations.

Growing Conditions and Care

Carolina desert-thorn is surprisingly easy to grow if you can meet its basic needs:

  • USDA Hardiness Zones: 8b through 10a
  • Sun requirements: Full sun for best performance
  • Soil: Sandy, well-draining soils; highly tolerant of poor soils
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; minimal watering needed
  • Salt tolerance: Excellent – ideal for coastal locations

Planting and Care Tips

Getting started with Carolina desert-thorn is straightforward:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost
  • Choose a sunny location with good drainage
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to help establish roots
  • Once established, watering is rarely needed except during extreme drought
  • Prune lightly to maintain shape if desired, but it’s not necessary
  • Fertilizing is typically unnecessary – this plant thrives in poor soils

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Carolina desert-thorn is perfect for:

  • Coastal gardens in Louisiana, Mississippi, or Texas
  • Xeriscaping and water-wise landscapes
  • Wildlife gardens focused on native species
  • Low-maintenance landscapes
  • Areas with challenging growing conditions

However, it might not be the best choice if you’re looking for a showstopper ornamental or if you live outside its natural range, where other native alternatives would be more appropriate.

The Bottom Line

Carolina desert-thorn may not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but it’s a reliable, eco-friendly choice for coastal gardeners in its native range. Its ability to thrive in tough conditions while supporting local wildlife makes it a valuable addition to sustainable landscapes. Just remember to source it responsibly and give it the sunny, well-draining conditions it craves.

Carolina Desert-thorn

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Solanaceae Juss. - Potato family

Genus

Lycium L. - desert-thorn

Species

Lycium carolinianum Walter - Carolina desert-thorn

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA