North America Native Plant

Carlott’s Violet

Botanical name: Viola biflora carlottae

USDA symbol: VIBIC

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada  

Synonyms: Viola biflora L. var. carlottae (Calder & Roy L. Taylor) B. Boivin (VIBIC2)   

Carlott’s Violet: A Rare Canadian Treasure Worth Knowing About Meet Carlott’s violet (Viola biflora carlottae), one of Canada’s most elusive native wildflowers. This perennial gem might not be gracing garden centers anytime soon, but it’s definitely worth learning about – especially if you’re passionate about rare native plants and conservation. ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Carlott’s Violet: A Rare Canadian Treasure Worth Knowing About

Meet Carlott’s violet (Viola biflora carlottae), one of Canada’s most elusive native wildflowers. This perennial gem might not be gracing garden centers anytime soon, but it’s definitely worth learning about – especially if you’re passionate about rare native plants and conservation.

What Makes Carlott’s Violet Special?

Carlott’s violet is a unique subspecies of the Arctic yellow violet, found exclusively in British Columbia, Canada. As a native Canadian perennial, it represents the incredible biodiversity tucked away in our northern landscapes. This little forb (that’s botanist-speak for a non-woody flowering plant) belongs to the beloved violet family, though it’s far rarer than the common violets you might know.

You might also see it listed in botanical references as Viola biflora L. var. carlottae, which is simply another way scientists have classified this plant over the years.

Where Does It Call Home?

This violet is a true British Columbian native, with its entire known range limited to this western Canadian province. It’s what we call an endemic species – meaning it exists nowhere else in the world naturally.

The Rarity Reality Check

Here’s where things get serious: Carlott’s violet has a conservation status that suggests it’s quite rare. With limited populations and a restricted range, this isn’t a plant you’ll stumble across on your weekend hiking adventures. If you’re incredibly fortunate to encounter it in the wild, consider yourself lucky to witness a true botanical rarity.

Should You Try Growing Carlott’s Violet?

The honest answer? Probably not – at least not yet. Here’s why:

  • Extreme rarity means seeds or plants are virtually impossible to source responsibly
  • Growing conditions and specific requirements are not well-documented
  • Conservation efforts should focus on protecting wild populations first

If you’re drawn to rare native violets, consider supporting conservation organizations working to protect British Columbia’s native flora instead.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

While Carlott’s violet remains elusive, there are other wonderful native violets you can grow responsibly:

  • Canada violet (Viola canadensis) – a lovely white-flowered native
  • Early blue violet (Viola adunca) – perfect for rock gardens
  • Stream violet (Viola glabella) – great for moist, shaded areas

The Takeaway

Carlott’s violet serves as a beautiful reminder of the incredible plant diversity in our native landscapes and the importance of conservation. While we may not be able to grow this particular treasure in our gardens right now, we can appreciate its existence and support efforts to protect rare native species.

Sometimes the best way to love a plant is to leave it be – and that’s perfectly okay. There are plenty of other native violets waiting to charm their way into your heart and garden!

Carlott’s Violet

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Violales

Family

Violaceae Batsch - Violet family

Genus

Viola L. - violet

Species

Viola biflora L. - arctic yellow violet

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA