North America Native Plant

Caribbean Pygmymelon

Botanical name: Psiguria pedata

USDA symbol: PSPE2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Anguria cookiana Britton (ANCO11)  âš˜  Anguria pedata (L.) Jacq. (ANPE5)  âš˜  Anguria trifoliata L. (ANTR3)  âš˜  Psiguria trifoliata (L.) Alain (PSTR2)   

Caribbean Pygmymelon: A Rare Native Treasure Not for Your Garden If you’ve stumbled across the name Caribbean pygmymelon (Psiguria pedata) while researching native plants, you’ve discovered one of Puerto Rico’s botanical mysteries. This little-known member of the cucumber family represents both the incredible diversity of Caribbean flora and the conservation ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Caribbean Pygmymelon: A Rare Native Treasure Not for Your Garden

If you’ve stumbled across the name Caribbean pygmymelon (Psiguria pedata) while researching native plants, you’ve discovered one of Puerto Rico’s botanical mysteries. This little-known member of the cucumber family represents both the incredible diversity of Caribbean flora and the conservation challenges facing our native plant communities.

What Is Caribbean Pygmymelon?

Caribbean pygmymelon is a perennial forb herb native exclusively to Puerto Rico. As a non-woody vascular plant, it lacks the thick, woody stems we associate with shrubs and trees, instead maintaining softer, herbaceous growth throughout its life cycle. Like other members of the cucumber family (Cucurbitaceae), it likely produces small fruits, though detailed descriptions of its appearance and growth characteristics remain elusive in botanical literature.

Where Does It Grow?

This endemic species calls only Puerto Rico home, making it a true Caribbean specialty. Its geographical distribution is limited to this single island territory, where it has evolved to thrive in specific local conditions.

Why You Shouldn’t Plant This Rare Beauty

Here’s where things get serious: Caribbean pygmymelon carries a Global Conservation Status of S1?, meaning it’s critically imperiled. This classification indicates that fewer than five populations may exist in the wild, with potentially fewer than 1,000 individual plants remaining. This extreme rarity makes it completely unsuitable for home gardening.

Attempting to grow this species could:

  • Interfere with crucial conservation efforts
  • Risk further depleting wild populations if plants are collected illegally
  • Prove impossible without specialized knowledge of its specific habitat requirements

The Conservation Reality

Plants with critically imperiled status require professional conservation management, not backyard cultivation. The specific growing conditions, propagation methods, and care requirements for Caribbean pygmymelon remain largely unknown to the general gardening public—and for good reason. Conservation efforts for such rare species typically involve:

  • Habitat protection and restoration
  • Seed banking programs
  • Controlled propagation by botanical specialists
  • Careful monitoring of remaining populations

Better Native Alternatives for Puerto Rican Gardens

Instead of pursuing this rare species, Puerto Rican gardeners can support native biodiversity by choosing more common indigenous plants that provide similar ecological benefits without conservation concerns. Consider exploring other native Puerto Rican herbs and forbs that are readily available through legitimate nursery sources.

Supporting Conservation Without Growing

You can still appreciate and support Caribbean pygmymelon without growing it:

  • Support organizations working on Puerto Rican plant conservation
  • Learn about and grow other native Puerto Rican species
  • Advocate for habitat protection in Puerto Rico
  • Spread awareness about the importance of endemic plant conservation

Sometimes the best way to love a plant is to leave it in the hands of conservation professionals. Caribbean pygmymelon serves as a reminder that our native plant heritage includes species so rare and precious that our role as gardeners is simply to ensure they survive for future generations to study and appreciate.

Caribbean Pygmymelon

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Violales

Family

Cucurbitaceae Juss. - Cucumber family

Genus

Psiguria Neck. ex Arn. - pygmymelon

Species

Psiguria pedata (L.) Howard - Caribbean pygmymelon

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA