North America Native Plant

Canadian Wildrye

Botanical name: ×Elyleymus hirtiflorus

USDA symbol: ELHI4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: ×Agroelymus hirtiflorus (Hitchc.) Bowden (AGHI2)  âš˜  Ã—Agroelymus ontariensis Lepage (AGON)  âš˜  Elymus hirtiflorus Hitchc. (ELHI2)   

Canadian Wildrye: A Hardy Native Grass for Northern Gardens If you’re looking for a tough, beautiful native grass that can handle whatever Mother Nature throws at it, let me introduce you to Canadian wildrye. This remarkable perennial grass might not have the flashiest name, but it’s got personality in spades ...

Canadian Wildrye: A Hardy Native Grass for Northern Gardens

If you’re looking for a tough, beautiful native grass that can handle whatever Mother Nature throws at it, let me introduce you to Canadian wildrye. This remarkable perennial grass might not have the flashiest name, but it’s got personality in spades and the resilience to match.

What Makes Canadian Wildrye Special?

Canadian wildrye (×Elyleymus hirtiflorus) is a true native gem, naturally occurring across Canada and parts of the northern United States. You might also see this grass listed under its former scientific names, including Elymus hirtiflorus or ×Agroelymus hirtiflorus, but don’t let the botanical shuffling fool you – it’s the same wonderful plant.

This perennial graminoid brings that quintessential prairie grass look to your landscape, with its tall, graceful stems swaying in the breeze and attractive seed heads that add visual interest throughout the growing season.

Where Does Canadian Wildrye Call Home?

This hardy grass has quite the northern pedigree, naturally growing across Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Saskatchewan, and even up into the Yukon Territory. In the United States, you’ll find it in Wyoming, making it perfectly suited for gardeners dealing with harsh winters and challenging growing conditions.

Why Your Garden Will Love Canadian Wildrye

Here’s where Canadian wildrye really shines as a garden addition:

  • Incredible hardiness: This grass can handle extreme cold, thriving in USDA zones 2-6
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s remarkably self-sufficient
  • Drought tolerant: Perfect for water-wise landscaping
  • Erosion control: Those strong roots help stabilize soil
  • Wildlife habitat: Provides cover and nesting material for birds
  • Four-season interest: Looks great from spring through winter

Perfect Garden Companions and Design Ideas

Canadian wildrye is a natural fit for prairie-style gardens and naturalized landscapes. It plays well with other native plants and creates that authentic wild meadow look that’s both beautiful and ecologically beneficial. Consider using it in:

  • Prairie restoration projects
  • Naturalized borders and edges
  • Erosion-prone slopes
  • Low-maintenance landscape areas
  • Wildlife habitat gardens

Growing Canadian Wildrye Successfully

The beauty of Canadian wildrye lies in its adaptability. This grass isn’t particularly fussy about growing conditions, though it does have some preferences:

Light requirements: Full sun to partial shade – it’s quite flexible

Soil needs: Adapts to various soil types, from clay to sandy loam

Water requirements: Moderate moisture when establishing, then quite drought tolerant

Planting tips: Spring planting works well, giving the grass a full growing season to establish. Space plants appropriately to allow for their mature spread.

Care and Maintenance

Once your Canadian wildrye is established, you’ll find it refreshingly low-maintenance. Here are a few simple care tips:

  • Water regularly during the first growing season to establish strong roots
  • After establishment, supplemental watering is rarely needed
  • Cut back in late winter or early spring before new growth begins
  • Be aware that this grass may self-seed in favorable conditions

The Bottom Line

Canadian wildrye is one of those plants that proves native doesn’t mean boring. It’s hardy, beautiful, and perfectly suited to northern gardens where many other ornamental grasses might struggle. Plus, by choosing this native species, you’re supporting local ecosystems and creating habitat for wildlife – a true win-win for both your garden and the environment.

Whether you’re planning a prairie garden, need something for erosion control, or just want a tough, attractive grass that won’t demand constant attention, Canadian wildrye deserves a spot on your planting list.

Canadian Wildrye

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

×Elyleymus Baum - wildrye

Species

×Elyleymus hirtiflorus (Hitchc.) Barkworth [Elymus trachycaulus × Leymus innovatus] - Canadian wildrye

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA