North America Native Plant

California Melicgrass

Botanical name: Melica californica

USDA symbol: MECA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

California Melicgrass: A Graceful Native Grass for Your Garden If you’re looking to add some gentle movement and subtle beauty to your native plant garden, California melicgrass (Melica californica) might just be the perfect addition. This charming perennial grass brings an understated elegance that’s hard to beat, swaying gracefully in ...

California Melicgrass: A Graceful Native Grass for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add some gentle movement and subtle beauty to your native plant garden, California melicgrass (Melica californica) might just be the perfect addition. This charming perennial grass brings an understated elegance that’s hard to beat, swaying gracefully in the breeze while asking for very little in return.

What Is California Melicgrass?

California melicgrass is a native perennial bunch grass that forms attractive clumps rather than spreading aggressively like some of its grass cousins. True to its name, this lovely grass calls California and Oregon home, where it thrives in the coastal ranges and foothills. As a graminoid (that’s fancy talk for grass-like plant), it belongs to the same family as other grasses, sedges, and rushes.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

You’ll find California melicgrass growing wild throughout California and Oregon, where it has adapted perfectly to the Mediterranean climate and varied terrain. From coastal areas to inland foothills, this adaptable grass has found its niche in the western landscape.

Why You’ll Love This Grass in Your Garden

California melicgrass isn’t the showiest plant you’ll ever grow, but that’s exactly what makes it so special. Here’s what this humble beauty brings to your landscape:

  • Graceful form: Growing in a semi-erect bunch form, it reaches about 4 feet tall with delicate, arching stems
  • Subtle flowers: Yellow blooms appear in summer, though they’re more charming than conspicuous
  • Lovely texture: The coarse-textured foliage adds wonderful contrast to broad-leafed plants
  • Seasonal interest: Active growth in spring and summer, with brown seeds that persist into fall
  • Wildlife value: Seeds provide food for birds, supporting local ecosystems

Perfect Garden Roles

This versatile grass works beautifully in several landscape situations:

  • Native plant gardens: A natural choice for authentic California and Oregon landscapes
  • Mediterranean-style gardens: Complements other drought-tolerant plants perfectly
  • Slope stabilization: Those 10-inch-deep roots help prevent erosion
  • Understory planting: Tolerates intermediate shade under trees and large shrubs
  • Naturalized areas: Creates that effortless, wild look we all secretly crave

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

The best part about California melicgrass? It’s refreshingly low-maintenance once you understand what it needs:

  • Soil: Prefers coarse to medium-textured, well-draining soils (skip the heavy clay)
  • Water: Low moisture needs once established – perfect for water-wise gardens
  • Sun exposure: Intermediate shade tolerance means it works in partial shade to full sun
  • pH preference: Likes slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH 6.0-7.5)
  • Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-10
  • Drought tolerance: Medium drought tolerance makes it ideal for dry gardens

Planting and Care Tips

Getting California melicgrass established is straightforward if you follow these simple guidelines:

Planting

  • Plant from seed in fall for best results
  • Seeds are tiny (300,000 per pound!), so sow lightly
  • Choose a spot with good drainage – this grass hates wet feet
  • Currently available mainly through specialized native plant contractors

Care

  • Water regularly during the first growing season to establish roots
  • Once established, it’s quite drought tolerant
  • Expect moderate growth rate – patience pays off
  • May go dormant during hot, dry summers (this is normal!)
  • Minimal fertilizer needed – actually prefers low fertility conditions
  • Fire tolerant, making it suitable for wildfire-prone areas

Is California Melicgrass Right for Your Garden?

California melicgrass is an excellent choice if you’re creating a native plant garden, working with a challenging slope, or simply want to add some authentic California character to your landscape. It’s particularly valuable for gardeners who appreciate subtle beauty over flashy displays.

However, this might not be the grass for you if you’re looking for:

  • Instant gratification (it has a moderate growth rate and low seedling vigor)
  • A lawn substitute (it grows in bunches, not a solid carpet)
  • Heavy clay soil situations (it really needs good drainage)
  • High-water gardens (this is definitely a dry-garden plant)

With its graceful form, low-maintenance nature, and authentic native credentials, California melicgrass deserves consideration for any western garden that celebrates the natural beauty of the region. Sometimes the most understated plants make the biggest impact on creating a truly harmonious landscape.

How

California Melicgrass

Grows

Growing season

Spring and Summer

Lifespan

Short

Growth form & shape

Bunch and Semi-Erect

Growth rate

Moderate

Height at 20 years
Maximum height

4.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Moderate

Winter foliage density

Porous

Foliage retention

No

Flowering

No

Flower color

Yellow

Fruit/seeds

No

Fruit/seed color

Brown

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Coarse

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

No

Coppice Ability

No

Bloat

None

California Melicgrass

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

Yes

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

No

Anaerobic tolerance

Low

CaCO₃ tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification

No

Drought tolerance

Medium

Nutrient requirement

Low

Fire tolerance

High

Frost-free days minimum

240

Hedge tolerance

None

Moisture requirement

Low

pH range

6.0 to 7.5

Plants per acre
Precipitation range (in)

14 to 24

Min root depth (in)

10

Salt tolerance

None

Shade tolerance

Intermediate

Min temperature (F)

7

Cultivating

California Melicgrass

Flowering season

Summer

Commercial availability

Contracting Only

Fruit/seed abundance

Low

Fruit/seed season

Summer to Fall

Fruit/seed persistence

No

Propagated by bare root

No

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

No

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

No

Propagated by seed

Yes

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

300000

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor

Low

Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

Slow

California Melicgrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Melica L. - melicgrass

Species

Melica californica Scribn. - California melicgrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA