North America Native Plant

Cactus Apple

Botanical name: Opuntia engelmannii var. flavispina

USDA symbol: OPENF

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm. var. flavispina L.D. Benson (OPPHF)   

Cactus Apple: A Golden-Spined Beauty for Desert Gardens If you’re looking to add some authentic Southwestern charm to your garden, the cactus apple (Opuntia engelmannii var. flavispina) might just be your new favorite plant. This native prickly pear cactus brings both beauty and resilience to desert landscapes, making it a ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Cactus Apple: A Golden-Spined Beauty for Desert Gardens

If you’re looking to add some authentic Southwestern charm to your garden, the cactus apple (Opuntia engelmannii var. flavispina) might just be your new favorite plant. This native prickly pear cactus brings both beauty and resilience to desert landscapes, making it a fantastic choice for water-wise gardeners.

What Makes Cactus Apple Special?

Also known by its scientific name Opuntia engelmannii var. flavispina, this perennial shrub is distinguished by its gorgeous golden-yellow spines that catch the desert sunlight like tiny beacons. Unlike some of its prickly pear cousins, this variety’s bright yellow spination makes it a real showstopper in any xeriscape design.

This native beauty produces stunning bright yellow flowers that bloom in late spring, followed by colorful red-purple fruits that give the plant its cactus apple common name. The fruits are not only visually appealing but also edible and have been used traditionally by indigenous peoples of the Southwest.

Where Does It Call Home?

Cactus apple is native to the lower 48 states, with its primary range in Arizona’s Sonoran Desert region. This plant has evolved to thrive in some of the harshest desert conditions, making it perfectly adapted to hot, dry climates.

Why Plant Cactus Apple in Your Garden?

There are plenty of compelling reasons to consider adding this native cactus to your landscape:

  • Water-wise champion: Once established, it requires virtually no supplemental watering
  • Low maintenance: This is a plant it and forget it kind of plant
  • Native wildlife support: The flowers attract native bees and other desert pollinators
  • Year-round interest: Attractive form, seasonal blooms, and colorful fruits
  • Authentic desert landscaping: Perfect for creating genuine Southwestern garden aesthetics

Perfect Garden Settings

Cactus apple shines in several garden styles:

  • Desert gardens: A natural fit alongside other native cacti and succulents
  • Rock gardens: Complements rocky, well-draining landscapes beautifully
  • Xeriscapes: An ideal centerpiece for drought-tolerant designs
  • Accent plantings: Makes a striking focal point in minimalist landscapes

Growing Conditions and Care

Success with cactus apple is all about mimicking its native desert environment:

Sunlight: Full sun is essential – this plant needs at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.

Soil: Well-draining soil is absolutely critical. Sandy or rocky soils work best. If you have clay soil, consider creating raised beds or adding lots of sand and gravel to improve drainage.

Water: Less is definitely more. Water deeply but infrequently during the first growing season to establish roots, then reduce watering significantly. Mature plants can survive on rainfall alone in most climates.

Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 8b through 11, this cactus can handle some frost but may need protection during extreme cold snaps.

Planting and Care Tips

Getting started with cactus apple is surprisingly straightforward:

  • Best planting time: Spring, after the last frost
  • Spacing: Allow plenty of room – these shrubs can spread 3-6 feet wide
  • Initial care: Water lightly every 2-3 weeks for the first year
  • Mature care: Virtually maintenance-free once established
  • Winter protection: In borderline zones, consider frost cloth during cold snaps

A Word About Conservation

While cactus apple isn’t critically endangered, it does have a conservation status that suggests some populations may be declining. When purchasing plants, always buy from reputable nurseries that source their plants responsibly rather than collecting from wild populations.

The Bottom Line

Cactus apple offers the perfect combination of native authenticity, low maintenance requirements, and genuine desert beauty. If you’re gardening in the Southwest and want a plant that celebrates your region’s natural heritage while requiring minimal resources, this golden-spined beauty deserves serious consideration. Just remember to give it the sunny, well-drained conditions it craves, and you’ll be rewarded with years of effortless desert elegance.

Cactus Apple

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Cactaceae Juss. - Cactus family

Genus

Opuntia Mill. - pricklypear

Species

Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelm. - cactus apple

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA