North America Native Plant

Butterfly Milkweed

Botanical name: Asclepias tuberosa tuberosa

USDA symbol: ASTUT2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Butterfly Milkweed: The Native Showstopper Your Garden Needs If you’re looking for a native plant that combines stunning beauty with serious ecological benefits, let me introduce you to butterfly milkweed (Asclepias tuberosa tuberosa). This perennial powerhouse is like the Swiss Army knife of native gardening – it’s gorgeous, tough as ...

Butterfly Milkweed: The Native Showstopper Your Garden Needs

If you’re looking for a native plant that combines stunning beauty with serious ecological benefits, let me introduce you to butterfly milkweed (Asclepias tuberosa tuberosa). This perennial powerhouse is like the Swiss Army knife of native gardening – it’s gorgeous, tough as nails, and absolutely beloved by pollinators.

What Makes Butterfly Milkweed Special?

Butterfly milkweed is a true American native, calling the lower 48 states home. You’ll find this hardy perennial thriving across an impressive range of states, from Maine down to Florida and west to places like Illinois and Kentucky. It’s naturally found in Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia.

A Burst of Orange Beauty

When butterfly milkweed blooms in mid to late summer, it puts on quite the show. Clusters of vibrant orange flowers create eye-catching displays that can brighten up any garden space. Unlike some native plants that fly under the radar, this one demands attention – in the best possible way.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Thank You

Here’s where butterfly milkweed really shines: it’s absolutely essential for monarch butterflies. As a host plant, it provides the only food source for monarch caterpillars. But the benefits don’t stop there – the nectar-rich flowers attract:

  • Monarch butterflies (of course!)
  • Swallowtail butterflies
  • Native bees
  • Other beneficial pollinators

Planting butterfly milkweed is like rolling out the red carpet for some of nature’s most beautiful creatures.

Perfect for Low-Maintenance Gardeners

One of the best things about butterfly milkweed? It’s remarkably easy to grow once you understand its preferences. This drought-tolerant perennial thrives in USDA hardiness zones 3-9, making it suitable for most of the continental United States.

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

Butterfly milkweed has simple needs:

  • Sunlight: Full sun is essential – at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily
  • Soil: Well-drained soil is crucial; it actually prefers poor to average soils
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates occasional watering during extreme dry spells
  • Space: Give it room to spread – mature plants can reach 1-3 feet tall and wide

Where to Use Butterfly Milkweed in Your Landscape

This versatile native works beautifully in several garden styles:

  • Pollinator gardens: The star of the show
  • Prairie or meadow plantings: Adds pops of color
  • Xeriscaping: Perfect for water-wise landscapes
  • Cottage gardens: Provides that wildflower charm
  • Native plant borders: Excellent mid-border placement

Planting and Care Tips for Success

Getting Started: You can grow butterfly milkweed from seed or purchase nursery plants. Seeds need cold stratification, so fall planting works well, or you can start them indoors in late winter.

Planting: Choose a sunny spot with excellent drainage. If your soil holds water, consider raised beds or adding coarse sand to improve drainage.

Ongoing Care: Once established, butterfly milkweed is refreshingly low-maintenance. Avoid fertilizing (it actually prefers lean soils), and resist the urge to move it – the deep taproot doesn’t appreciate disturbance.

Winter Care: Leave the seed pods for winter interest and to provide food for birds. Cut back in early spring before new growth appears.

A Few Things to Keep in Mind

While butterfly milkweed is generally well-behaved, there are a few considerations:

  • It emerges late in spring – don’t panic if you don’t see growth until May
  • The taproot makes it difficult to transplant once established
  • Like all milkweeds, the sap can be irritating to skin and eyes

The Bottom Line

Butterfly milkweed is one of those rare plants that checks all the boxes: native heritage, stunning beauty, ecological benefits, and easy care. Whether you’re a seasoned native plant enthusiast or just starting your journey toward more sustainable gardening, this orange beauty deserves a spot in your landscape. Your local monarchs will definitely approve!

Butterfly Milkweed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Gentianales

Family

Asclepiadaceae Borkh. - Milkweed family

Genus

Asclepias L. - milkweed

Species

Asclepias tuberosa L. - butterfly milkweed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA