North America Native Plant

Buckeye

Botanical name: Aesculus ×marylandica

USDA symbol: AEMA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Maryland Buckeye: A Hidden Gem for Your Native Landscape If you’re looking for a spectacular native tree that combines stunning spring blooms with excellent wildlife value, let me introduce you to the Maryland buckeye (Aesculus ×marylandica). This lesser-known treasure deserves a spot in more American gardens, especially if you’re passionate ...

Maryland Buckeye: A Hidden Gem for Your Native Landscape

If you’re looking for a spectacular native tree that combines stunning spring blooms with excellent wildlife value, let me introduce you to the Maryland buckeye (Aesculus ×marylandica). This lesser-known treasure deserves a spot in more American gardens, especially if you’re passionate about supporting native ecosystems.

What Makes Maryland Buckeye Special?

Maryland buckeye is actually a natural hybrid between two beloved native species – the Ohio buckeye and the red buckeye. This gives it some of the best traits from both parents, creating a tree that’s both beautiful and resilient. As a perennial woody plant, it typically grows as a single-trunked tree reaching heights greater than 13-16 feet, though environmental conditions can sometimes encourage a shorter, multi-stemmed growth form.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native beauty naturally occurs across a good portion of the eastern and midwestern United States. You’ll find Maryland buckeye growing wild in Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, and Tennessee. Its range represents areas where the parent species naturally overlap and hybridize.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

Maryland buckeye brings serious aesthetic appeal to any landscape. In spring, it produces showy clusters of flowers that create quite the spectacle. These blooms aren’t just pretty to look at – they’re magnets for pollinators including bees, butterflies, and even hummingbirds. The large, palmate leaves provide excellent texture and interest throughout the growing season, often developing attractive fall colors.

From a wildlife perspective, this tree is a real winner. Beyond supporting pollinators during bloom time, it provides habitat and food sources for various native creatures throughout the year.

Perfect Spots for Planting

Maryland buckeye works wonderfully as:

  • A specimen tree in larger residential landscapes
  • Part of a woodland or naturalistic garden design
  • A shade tree for properties with adequate space
  • An anchor plant in native plant gardens

Keep in mind that this is a tree that needs room to grow, so it’s best suited for properties where it can reach its full potential without crowding.

Growing Conditions and Care

One of the great things about Maryland buckeye is its adaptability. It thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-8, making it suitable for a wide range of climates. Here’s what it prefers:

  • Sunlight: Partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Moist, well-drained soils of various types
  • Water: Regular moisture, especially during establishment

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your Maryland buckeye off to a great start is straightforward:

  • Timing: Plant in spring or fall for best establishment
  • Location: Choose a spot with adequate space for mature size
  • Watering: Provide regular water during the first growing season
  • Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Patience: Like most trees, it may take a few years to become fully established

The Bottom Line

Maryland buckeye represents the kind of native plant that more gardeners should discover. It’s beautiful, supports local ecosystems, and isn’t fussy about growing conditions once established. If you have the space and are located within its native range, this hybrid buckeye could be exactly what your landscape needs to add both visual interest and ecological value.

By choosing native species like Maryland buckeye, you’re not just creating a beautiful garden – you’re participating in the preservation and celebration of America’s natural heritage. Now that’s something worth planting!

Buckeye

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Hippocastanaceae A. Rich. - Horse-chestnut family

Genus

Aesculus L. - buckeye

Species

Aesculus ×marylandica J.R. Booth ex G. Kirchn. [flava × glabra] - buckeye

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA