North America Native Plant

Broadleaf Monkeyflower

Botanical name: Mimulus latifolius

USDA symbol: MILA9

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Broadleaf Monkeyflower: A Rare California Treasure Worth Protecting Meet the broadleaf monkeyflower (Mimulus latifolius), a charming little wildflower that’s become something of a botanical unicorn. This annual beauty is so rare that spotting one in the wild feels like discovering hidden treasure – and in many ways, that’s exactly what ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Broadleaf Monkeyflower: A Rare California Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet the broadleaf monkeyflower (Mimulus latifolius), a charming little wildflower that’s become something of a botanical unicorn. This annual beauty is so rare that spotting one in the wild feels like discovering hidden treasure – and in many ways, that’s exactly what it is.

A California Native in Need of Friends

The broadleaf monkeyflower calls California home and nowhere else on Earth. This exclusive Golden State resident belongs to the snapdragon family and shares the characteristic cheerful blooms that make monkeyflowers so beloved by gardeners and pollinators alike.

As a native California plant, it evolved alongside local wildlife and perfectly complements the state’s natural ecosystems. However, this isn’t your typical backyard native – it’s currently classified with a conservation status of S1S2, meaning it ranges from very rare to rare in its natural habitat.

What Makes This Monkeyflower Special?

Don’t let its humble status as an annual fool you – the broadleaf monkeyflower packs plenty of charm into its single growing season. As a forb (that’s botanist-speak for a non-woody flowering plant), it produces delicate blooms that likely attract bees, butterflies, and possibly hummingbirds, though specific wildlife benefits aren’t well-documented due to its rarity.

The plant grows as a soft-stemmed herbaceous annual, meaning it completes its entire life cycle in one year, from germination to seed production. This growth habit makes it both fleeting and precious – here for a season, then relying on seeds to carry on the family line.

Should You Grow Broadleaf Monkeyflower?

Here’s where we need to have a heart-to-heart about conservation ethics. While the broadleaf monkeyflower would make a wonderful addition to native plant gardens, its rarity status means we need to be extra careful about how we approach growing it.

The Responsible Way Forward

If you’re interested in growing this rare beauty, please only obtain seeds or plants from:

  • Reputable native plant nurseries with documented ethical sourcing
  • Conservation organizations with proper collection permits
  • Seed exchanges specifically focused on rare plant preservation
  • Never collect from wild populations

By choosing responsibly sourced material, you’re not just growing a plant – you’re participating in conservation efforts that help ensure this species doesn’t disappear forever.

Growing Your Broadleaf Monkeyflower

While specific growing requirements for Mimulus latifolius aren’t well-documented (another consequence of its rarity), we can make educated guesses based on other California monkeyflowers:

  • Likely prefers moist, well-draining soil
  • Probably enjoys partial shade to full sun
  • Being a California native, it’s adapted to Mediterranean climate patterns
  • As an annual, you’ll need to collect seeds to ensure plants return next year

Perfect Garden Companions

Since growing conditions are somewhat uncertain, consider pairing your broadleaf monkeyflower with other California natives that thrive in similar conditions, such as other monkeyflower species, California poppies, or native grasses that can provide a supportive plant community.

The Conservation Connection

By growing broadleaf monkeyflower responsibly, you’re joining a network of conservation-minded gardeners helping to preserve California’s botanical heritage. Your garden becomes a genetic reservoir, potentially helping to maintain this species for future generations.

Remember, every rare plant in cultivation is one step further from extinction. Your efforts, combined with those of other thoughtful gardeners, create a safety net that could prove crucial for species survival.

The Bottom Line

The broadleaf monkeyflower represents both an opportunity and a responsibility. If you can source it ethically, you’ll have the privilege of growing one of California’s rarest wildflowers while contributing to its conservation. Just remember – with great plants comes great responsibility!

Broadleaf Monkeyflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Mimulus L. - monkeyflower

Species

Mimulus latifolius A. Gray - broadleaf monkeyflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA