North America Native Plant

Broadleaf Lupine

Botanical name: Lupinus latifolius dudleyi

USDA symbol: LULAD

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Lupinus dudleyi (Rydb.) Eastw. (LUDU2)  âš˜  Lupinus latifolius Lindl. ex J. Agardh var. dudleyi (Rydb.) C.P. Sm. & H. St. John (LULAD2)   

Broadleaf Lupine: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native California plants and love the idea of growing something truly special, Lupinus latifolius dudleyi—commonly known as broadleaf lupine—might just capture your heart. But before you start planning where to plant it, there’s something important you should know ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T1T3Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Broadleaf Lupine: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native California plants and love the idea of growing something truly special, Lupinus latifolius dudleyi—commonly known as broadleaf lupine—might just capture your heart. But before you start planning where to plant it, there’s something important you should know about this beautiful perennial.

What Makes This Lupine Special?

Broadleaf lupine is a stunning perennial forb that produces those classic lupine flower spikes we all adore. Picture tall stems crowned with clusters of purple to blue pea-shaped flowers, rising above distinctive palmately compound leaves that look like nature’s own hand fans. As a member of the legume family, this plant has the wonderful ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, essentially acting as a natural fertilizer for surrounding plants.

This isn’t just any garden-variety lupine, though. Lupinus latifolius dudleyi is a California native that belongs exclusively to the Golden State, making it a true piece of regional botanical heritage.

Where Does It Call Home?

Broadleaf lupine has made California its exclusive home, though its exact distribution within the state is quite limited. This native beauty has adapted to specific California ecosystems and climate conditions over thousands of years.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Here’s where things get important: this particular lupine has a conservation status that suggests it may be rare or of special concern. Before you get excited about adding it to your garden, it’s crucial to understand that responsible sourcing is absolutely essential. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations, and only purchase from reputable nurseries that can verify their plants were ethically propagated.

Why Gardeners Love (and Should Protect) This Plant

Despite its rarity—or perhaps because of it—broadleaf lupine offers several compelling reasons to include it in native plant gardens:

  • Supports native pollinators including bees and butterflies
  • Improves soil health through nitrogen fixation
  • Provides authentic California native plant character
  • Offers beautiful seasonal color with its flower spikes
  • Contributes to conservation efforts when grown responsibly

Creating the Right Growing Conditions

If you’re fortunate enough to source this lupine responsibly, here’s how to give it the best chance to thrive:

Sunlight: Provide full sun to partial shade. Like most lupines, it appreciates good light but can handle some afternoon protection in hotter areas.

Soil: Well-draining soil is essential. These plants don’t appreciate wet feet, so ensure good drainage to prevent root rot.

Water: Once established, broadleaf lupine should be quite drought-tolerant, fitting perfectly with California’s water-wise gardening approach.

Climate: Being a California native, it’s adapted to Mediterranean climate conditions with wet winters and dry summers.

Garden Design Ideas

This lupine works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on California species
  • Pollinator gardens supporting local wildlife
  • Restoration projects (with proper permits and sourcing)
  • Naturalized areas where you want authentic regional character

Planting and Care Tips

Growing lupines from seed can be tricky but rewarding. The seeds typically need scarification (lightly scratching the seed coat) to improve germination. Some gardeners gently sand the seeds or soak them overnight before planting.

Plant in fall or early spring, and be patient—lupines often take time to establish but reward you with years of beauty once they’re settled in. As perennials, they’ll return year after year, gradually forming more impressive displays.

The Bottom Line

Broadleaf lupine represents both an opportunity and a responsibility. If you can source it ethically from a reputable native plant nursery, you’ll be adding a truly special California native to your garden while supporting conservation efforts. Just remember that with rare plants comes the duty to grow them responsibly and never impact wild populations.

Consider this lupine not just as a garden addition, but as a small act of environmental stewardship—preserving California’s botanical heritage one garden at a time.

Broadleaf Lupine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lupinus L. - lupine

Species

Lupinus latifolius Lindl. ex J. Agardh - broadleaf lupine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA