North America Native Plant

Britton’s Spikerush

Botanical name: Eleocharis brittonii

USDA symbol: ELBR

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. var. brittonii (Svens. ex Small) Svens. (ELMIB)   

Britton’s Spikerush: A Rare Native Gem for Wetland Gardens Meet Britton’s spikerush (Eleocharis brittonii), a delicate annual sedge that’s quietly making waves in the native plant world. This unassuming little grass-like plant might not win any flashy flower contests, but it’s got something far more valuable: it’s a true native ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: New Jersey

Status: Endangered, Listed Pinelands, Highlands Listed, S1: New Jersey Highlands region ⚘ New Jersey Pinelands region ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Britton’s Spikerush: A Rare Native Gem for Wetland Gardens

Meet Britton’s spikerush (Eleocharis brittonii), a delicate annual sedge that’s quietly making waves in the native plant world. This unassuming little grass-like plant might not win any flashy flower contests, but it’s got something far more valuable: it’s a true native treasure that’s becoming increasingly rare in the wild.

What Makes Britton’s Spikerush Special?

Don’t let its humble appearance fool you. Britton’s spikerush is a member of the sedge family (Cyperaceae), giving it that characteristic grass-like look that blends beautifully into naturalized landscapes. As an annual plant, it completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, making it a fascinating addition for gardeners who enjoy watching plants change throughout the year.

You might occasionally see this plant listed under its botanical synonym, Eleocharis microcarpa var. brittonii, but Eleocharis brittonii is the accepted name botanists use today.

Where Does It Call Home?

Britton’s spikerush is native to the southeastern United States, naturally occurring across Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas. This coastal plain specialist has adapted to life in some pretty specific conditions.

A Conservation Success Story in Your Garden

Here’s where things get serious: Britton’s spikerush is listed as endangered in New Jersey, with an S1 rarity status that means it’s critically imperiled in the state. This makes it not just a beautiful native plant choice, but also a conservation-minded one.

Important note: If you’re interested in growing this rare beauty, please only source it from reputable native plant nurseries that use responsibly collected or propagated material. Never collect plants from wild populations.

Is Britton’s Spikerush Right for Your Garden?

This isn’t your typical backyard perennial. Britton’s spikerush is a specialist that thrives in consistently wet conditions. Here’s what you need to know:

Perfect Garden Settings

  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Pond or water feature edges
  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Native plant gardens with water features
  • Bog or marsh gardens

Growing Conditions

  • Moisture: Consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade
  • Hardiness: USDA zones 7-10 (based on native range)
  • Soil: Adaptable to various wet soil types

Caring for Your Britton’s Spikerush

The good news? Once you’ve got the right conditions, Britton’s spikerush is relatively low-maintenance. The key is understanding its needs:

  • Keep soil consistently moist or even waterlogged
  • Allow it to self-seed in suitable conditions
  • Minimal fertilization needed – it’s adapted to naturally occurring wetland conditions
  • As an annual, it will complete its cycle and may return from seed the following year

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

While Britton’s spikerush might seem modest, it plays important ecological roles. As a wetland species, it helps with soil stabilization and water filtration. Though primarily wind-pollinated, it contributes to the overall habitat diversity that supports various wildlife species in wetland ecosystems.

The Bottom Line

Britton’s spikerush isn’t for everyone, and that’s perfectly okay. This is a plant for gardeners who are passionate about native species conservation, have the right wetland conditions, and want to participate in preserving our botanical heritage. If you’ve got a wet spot in your garden and want to try something truly special, this rare native might just be your next garden adventure.

Just remember: with great rarity comes great responsibility. Source ethically, plant thoughtfully, and enjoy being part of this plant’s conservation story.

Britton’s Spikerush

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eleocharis R. Br. - spikerush

Species

Eleocharis brittonii Svens. ex Small - Britton's spikerush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA