North America Native Plant

Britton’s Centaury

Botanical name: Centaurium quitense

USDA symbol: CEQU

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Synonyms: Centaurium brittonii Millsp. & Greenm. (CEBR4)  âš˜  Erythraea quitensis Kunth (ERQU3)  âš˜  Zeltnera quitensis (Kunth) G. Mans. (ZEQU)   

Britton’s Centaury: A Lesser-Known Native Gem of the Virgin Islands If you’re a gardener in the Caribbean region, particularly the U.S. Virgin Islands, you might want to get acquainted with Britton’s centaury (Centaurium quitense). This unassuming little annual is one of your area’s truly native plants – and in a ...

Britton’s Centaury: A Lesser-Known Native Gem of the Virgin Islands

If you’re a gardener in the Caribbean region, particularly the U.S. Virgin Islands, you might want to get acquainted with Britton’s centaury (Centaurium quitense). This unassuming little annual is one of your area’s truly native plants – and in a world where so many of our garden favorites come from far-off places, that’s worth celebrating!

What Is Britton’s Centaury?

Britton’s centaury is a native annual forb that belongs to the gentian family. As a forb, it’s essentially a non-woody flowering plant – think of it as the botanical equivalent of a friendly neighbor who doesn’t take up too much space but adds something special to the community. You might also see this plant listed under its scientific synonyms, including Centaurium brittonii or Erythraea quitensis, if you’re diving into botanical references.

Where Does It Call Home?

This little plant is a true Caribbean native, specifically calling the U.S. Virgin Islands home. Its distribution is quite limited – you won’t find wild populations of Britton’s centaury growing naturally anywhere else in the world. This makes it a special piece of the Virgin Islands’ natural heritage.

The Garden Reality Check

Here’s where we need to have an honest conversation: while Britton’s centaury is undoubtedly interesting from a native plant perspective, information about growing it in gardens is surprisingly scarce. This isn’t uncommon with highly localized native species that haven’t made their way into mainstream horticulture.

What We Do Know

Based on available information, here’s what we can tell you about Britton’s centaury:

  • Plant type: Annual forb (completes its life cycle in one year)
  • Growth habit: Non-woody flowering plant
  • Wetland preference: Usually found in non-wetland areas but can tolerate some wetland conditions
  • Native status: Indigenous to the U.S. Virgin Islands

Should You Grow It?

If you’re gardening in the Virgin Islands and are passionate about supporting native plant species, Britton’s centaury could be worth seeking out – though finding seeds or plants might prove challenging. As a native annual, it would theoretically fit well into naturalized areas or wildflower gardens that celebrate local flora.

However, the lack of readily available growing information means you’d be somewhat pioneering if you choose to cultivate this species. Sometimes the most rewarding gardening experiences come from working with these lesser-known natives, but it does require patience and experimentation.

The Bottom Line

Britton’s centaury represents the kind of plant that makes regional biodiversity so fascinating – a species perfectly adapted to its specific corner of the world. While it may not be the easiest plant to incorporate into your garden, its status as a true Virgin Islands native gives it special significance for local gardeners interested in preserving and celebrating their natural heritage.

If you’re determined to work with this species, your best bet would be connecting with local botanical institutions, native plant societies, or conservation organizations in the Virgin Islands who might have more specific knowledge about its cultivation requirements.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Britton’s Centaury

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Gentianales

Family

Gentianaceae Juss. - Gentian family

Genus

Centaurium Hill - centaury

Species

Centaurium quitense (Kunth) B.L. Rob. - Britton's centaury

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA