North America Native Plant

Bright Green Spikerush

Botanical name: Eleocharis olivacea var. olivacea

USDA symbol: ELOLO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Eleocharis flaccida (Rchb.) Urb. var. olivacea (Torr.) Fernald & Grisc. (ELFLO)  âš˜  Eleocharis flavescens (Poir.) Urb. var. olivacea (Torr.) Gleason (ELFLO2)   

Bright Green Spikerush: A Native Gem for Water Gardens If you’re looking to add authentic native charm to your wetland garden or pond margin, bright green spikerush (Eleocharis olivacea var. olivacea) might just be the unsung hero you’ve been searching for. This petite perennial sedge brings a delicate, grass-like texture ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Bright Green Spikerush: A Native Gem for Water Gardens

If you’re looking to add authentic native charm to your wetland garden or pond margin, bright green spikerush (Eleocharis olivacea var. olivacea) might just be the unsung hero you’ve been searching for. This petite perennial sedge brings a delicate, grass-like texture that’s both subtle and sophisticated – perfect for gardeners who appreciate nature’s quieter beauties.

What Makes Bright Green Spikerush Special

Don’t let the humble appearance fool you – this little sedge packs a punch when it comes to ecological value. As a member of the sedge family (Cyperaceae), bright green spikerush forms dense, carpet-like colonies of slender, bright green stems that sway gracefully in the breeze. While it may not have the flashy flowers of a black-eyed Susan, its understated elegance and important ecological role make it a treasure for native plant enthusiasts.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

Bright green spikerush has quite an impressive native range across North America. You can find this adaptable sedge naturally occurring from Canada down through the eastern and central United States, including Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. It’s also native to several Canadian provinces including New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec, plus Puerto Rico. Interestingly, it’s become naturalized in Hawaii as well.

Important Conservation Note

Before you get too excited about adding this native beauty to your garden, there’s something important to know: bright green spikerush is considered critically imperiled (S1 status) in Arkansas. This means it’s extremely rare in that state and needs our protection. If you’re planning to grow this species, please make sure you source it from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock rather than collecting from wild populations.

Perfect Spots for Bright Green Spikerush

This wetland-loving sedge thrives in consistently moist to wet conditions, making it ideal for:

  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Pond and stream margins
  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Native plant gardens with irrigation
  • Low-lying areas that stay damp

The plant works beautifully as a ground cover in these wet areas, helping with erosion control while providing habitat for wildlife. Its fine texture creates a lovely contrast when planted alongside broader-leaved wetland plants like blue flag iris or cardinal flower.

Growing Conditions and Care

Bright green spikerush is surprisingly easy to grow once you meet its basic needs. This hardy perennial can handle USDA zones 3-9, making it suitable for most of North America. Here’s what it needs to thrive:

  • Light: Full sun to partial shade (full sun preferred for best growth)
  • Soil: Consistently moist to wet, can tolerate various soil types
  • Water: High moisture requirements – think pond edge or rain garden conditions
  • Maintenance: Very low once established

Planting and Establishment Tips

Getting bright green spikerush established is fairly straightforward if you can provide the right conditions. Plant it in spring after the last frost, ensuring the soil stays consistently moist during establishment. The plant spreads naturally through underground rhizomes, so give it room to form colonies – this is actually part of its charm and ecological function.

Since this species requires consistently wet conditions, it’s not suitable for typical garden beds unless you’re prepared to provide supplemental irrigation. Think of it as nature’s way of keeping things specialized – sometimes the most valuable plants are the ones with specific needs.

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

While bright green spikerush might not attract butterflies like a native wildflower would, it plays important roles in wetland ecosystems. The dense growth provides cover for small wildlife, and the seeds offer food for waterfowl and other birds. As part of a native wetland plant community, it contributes to overall habitat quality and ecosystem health.

Is Bright Green Spikerush Right for Your Garden?

This native sedge is perfect for gardeners who:

  • Have naturally wet areas or are creating rain gardens
  • Want to support native wildlife and ecosystems
  • Appreciate subtle, naturalistic plantings
  • Are working on wetland restoration projects
  • Prefer low-maintenance plants once established

However, it might not be the best choice if you’re looking for showy flowers, have only dry garden areas, or prefer plants that stay in neat, controlled clumps.

Remember, when sourcing bright green spikerush, always choose nursery-propagated plants rather than wild-collected specimens. This helps protect wild populations while still allowing you to enjoy this wonderful native species in your own water garden. Your local wetland wildlife will thank you for it!

Bright Green Spikerush

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eleocharis R. Br. - spikerush

Species

Eleocharis olivacea Torr. - bright green spikerush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA