North America Native Plant

Brandegee’s Fumewort

Botanical name: Corydalis caseana brandegeei

USDA symbol: COCAB2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Corydalis brandegeei S. Watson (COBR4)   

Brandegee’s Fumewort: A Rare Rocky Mountain Native Worth Knowing About Meet Brandegee’s fumewort (Corydalis caseana brandegeei), one of those wonderfully mysterious native plants that makes you feel like you’ve discovered a botanical secret. This perennial forb calls the high country of Colorado and New Mexico home, and if you’ve never ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Brandegee’s Fumewort: A Rare Rocky Mountain Native Worth Knowing About

Meet Brandegee’s fumewort (Corydalis caseana brandegeei), one of those wonderfully mysterious native plants that makes you feel like you’ve discovered a botanical secret. This perennial forb calls the high country of Colorado and New Mexico home, and if you’ve never heard of it before, you’re definitely not alone – it’s quite the rare find!

What Makes This Plant Special

Brandegee’s fumewort belongs to the fascinating world of Corydalis species, those delicate-looking but surprisingly tough plants that seem to appear out of nowhere in rocky crevices and mountain meadows. As a native forb (that’s garden-speak for a soft-stemmed, non-woody flowering plant), it’s perfectly adapted to life in the challenging conditions of the American Southwest’s higher elevations.

You might also see this plant listed under its synonym, Corydalis brandegeei S. Watson, in older botanical references – just another reminder of how taxonomy keeps botanists busy!

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

This fumewort has quite the exclusive address – it’s only found naturally in Colorado and New Mexico. We’re talking about a plant that’s chosen some pretty spectacular real estate in the Rocky Mountain region, though it keeps a decidedly low profile.

The Reality Check: Rarity Matters

Here’s where we need to have an honest conversation. Brandegee’s fumewort carries a conservation status of S5T3T4, which indicates it may be uncommon to rare in its native range. This isn’t a plant you’re going to find at your local garden center, and honestly, that’s probably for the best.

If you’re absolutely determined to grow this particular fumewort, please – and we cannot stress this enough – only source it from reputable native plant specialists who can guarantee the material was responsibly propagated, not collected from wild populations.

Growing Conditions (What We Know)

While specific information about Brandegee’s fumewort is limited, we can make some educated guesses based on its Colorado and New Mexico origins:

  • Likely prefers well-draining, rocky or sandy soils
  • Probably adapted to cooler temperatures and higher elevations
  • May require a cold winter period for proper growth
  • Potentially drought-tolerant once established
  • Probably performs best with some protection from intense afternoon sun

Alternative Native Options

Given the rarity and limited availability of Brandegee’s fumewort, consider these more readily available native alternatives that offer similar charm:

  • Other Corydalis species native to your region
  • Native columbines (Aquilegia species)
  • Wild bergamot (Monarda species)
  • Native penstemons

The Bottom Line

Brandegee’s fumewort is undoubtedly a fascinating piece of our native plant heritage, but it’s also a reminder that some plants are better admired in their natural habitats than in our gardens. If you’re lucky enough to encounter it on a mountain hike in Colorado or New Mexico, take a moment to appreciate this rare beauty – and maybe snap a photo instead of taking home a cutting.

For most gardeners, focusing on more common (but equally wonderful) native plants will give you better success and help support conservation efforts for rare species like this fumewort. After all, the best way to protect rare plants is sometimes simply to let them be rare.

Brandegee’s Fumewort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Papaverales

Family

Fumariaceae Marquis - Fumitory family

Genus

Corydalis DC. - fumewort

Species

Corydalis caseana A. Gray - Sierra fumewort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA