North America Native Plant

Boston Swordfern

Botanical name: Nephrolepis exaltata exaltata

USDA symbol: NEEXE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Boston Swordfern: A Native Beauty for Your Shade Garden Meet the Boston swordfern (Nephrolepis exaltata exaltata), a gorgeous native fern that’s been quietly gracing American landscapes long before it became a popular houseplant. This perennial beauty offers gardeners a chance to bring authentic, indigenous charm to their outdoor spaces while ...

Boston Swordfern: A Native Beauty for Your Shade Garden

Meet the Boston swordfern (Nephrolepis exaltata exaltata), a gorgeous native fern that’s been quietly gracing American landscapes long before it became a popular houseplant. This perennial beauty offers gardeners a chance to bring authentic, indigenous charm to their outdoor spaces while supporting local ecosystems.

Where Does Boston Swordfern Call Home?

This delightful fern is truly American-born, native to the lower 48 states as well as Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. You’ll find wild populations thriving in Arizona, Florida, Louisiana, and Texas, where they’ve adapted to various climate conditions from desert oases to humid subtropical forests.

Why Choose Native Boston Swordfern?

There are plenty of reasons to fall in love with this native gem:

  • It’s perfectly adapted to local climate conditions
  • Requires less water and maintenance than non-native alternatives
  • Supports local wildlife and ecosystem health
  • Provides authentic regional character to your landscape
  • Offers year-round green foliage in warmer climates

Garden Design Magic

Boston swordfern brings an elegant, woodland feel to any shaded space. Its gracefully arching fronds create beautiful texture contrasts when paired with broader-leaved plants like hostas or heucheras. This versatile fern works wonderfully in:

  • Woodland and shade gardens
  • Tropical and subtropical landscapes
  • Container gardens on patios and porches
  • Naturalistic plantings under trees
  • Rain gardens and moist soil areas

Growing Your Boston Swordfern Successfully

Climate Compatibility: This fern thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8b through 11, making it perfect for warmer regions where it can remain evergreen year-round.

Light Requirements: Boston swordfern prefers partial to full shade. Direct sunlight can scorch its delicate fronds, so tuck it under trees or on the north side of buildings.

Soil Preferences: Well-draining soil that stays consistently moist is ideal. This fern appreciates organic matter, so amend your soil with compost before planting.

Watering Needs: Keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. During dry spells, regular watering will keep your fern looking lush and healthy.

Planting and Care Tips

Spring is the perfect time to plant Boston swordfern when temperatures are warming but the intense summer heat hasn’t arrived yet. Here’s how to give your fern the best start:

  • Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball but no deeper
  • Mix compost into the existing soil
  • Water thoroughly after planting and maintain consistent moisture
  • Apply a layer of organic mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Remove any brown or damaged fronds as needed

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

While ferns don’t produce flowers for pollinators, Boston swordfern still plays valuable ecological roles. Its dense fronds provide shelter for small wildlife, and the plant helps prevent soil erosion while contributing to the complex web of native plant communities.

The Bottom Line

Boston swordfern is a fantastic choice for gardeners looking to incorporate beautiful, low-maintenance native plants into their landscapes. Its graceful form, easy-care nature, and ecological benefits make it a winner for shade gardens across its native range. Plus, there’s something deeply satisfying about growing a plant that truly belongs in your local ecosystem!

Boston Swordfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Nephrolepis Schott - swordfern

Species

Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott - Boston swordfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA