North America Native Plant

Bobtail Barley

Botanical name: Hordeum intercedens

USDA symbol: HOIN2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Bobtail Barley: A Hidden Gem of California’s Native Grasslands If you’re looking to add authentic California character to your native plant garden, let me introduce you to a little-known treasure: bobtail barley (Hordeum intercedens). This modest annual grass might not win any flashy flower contests, but it’s got something even ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Bobtail Barley: A Hidden Gem of California’s Native Grasslands

If you’re looking to add authentic California character to your native plant garden, let me introduce you to a little-known treasure: bobtail barley (Hordeum intercedens). This modest annual grass might not win any flashy flower contests, but it’s got something even better – it’s a true California original that’s been quietly holding down the fort in our state’s grasslands for centuries.

What Makes Bobtail Barley Special?

Bobtail barley is an annual grass that belongs to the same family as the barley you might find in your morning cereal, but this wild cousin has evolved specifically for California’s unique climate and conditions. As a graminoid (that’s just a fancy way of saying grass-like plant), it forms the backbone of healthy native grassland ecosystems.

What sets this grass apart is its native pedigree – it’s not just adapted to California, it actually originated here. In a world where many of our grasslands have been taken over by non-native species, bobtail barley represents the real deal: authentic California flora that supports local wildlife and requires minimal resources to thrive.

Where Does Bobtail Barley Call Home?

This grass is a California exclusive, found naturally throughout the Golden State’s diverse landscapes. From the Central Valley to the foothills, bobtail barley has carved out its niche in our state’s native grassland communities.

Important Conservation Note

Here’s something every responsible gardener should know: bobtail barley has a Global Conservation Status of S3S4, which means its populations are somewhat limited and deserve our attention. If you’re interested in growing this native beauty, please make sure you source your seeds or plants from reputable native plant suppliers who use responsibly collected material. Never collect seeds from wild populations – let’s keep those intact for future generations!

Why Consider Bobtail Barley for Your Garden?

You might be wondering why you’d want to plant a grass that doesn’t produce showy blooms. Here’s the thing – bobtail barley brings something different to the table:

  • Authentic habitat creation: It helps recreate the grassland communities that once dominated California
  • Low water needs: As a native annual, it’s perfectly adapted to our Mediterranean climate
  • Wildlife support: Provides habitat structure and food sources for native wildlife
  • Erosion control: Its root system helps stabilize soil
  • Naturalistic beauty: Adds texture and movement to native plant gardens

Growing Bobtail Barley Successfully

Perfect Growing Conditions

The beauty of native plants is that they’re pre-programmed to succeed in local conditions. Bobtail barley thrives in:

  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure
  • Soil: Well-draining soils, tolerates poor and rocky conditions
  • Water: Moderate moisture in winter and spring, drought-tolerant in summer
  • Climate zones: USDA zones 8-10 (perfect for most of California)

Planting and Care Tips

Growing bobtail barley is refreshingly straightforward:

  • Timing: Sow seeds in fall (October-December) to align with natural rainfall patterns
  • Soil prep: Remove weeds and lightly rake the soil – no need for amendments
  • Seeding: Scatter seeds directly where you want them to grow
  • Watering: Water lightly after seeding, then let winter rains do the work
  • Maintenance: Minimal care needed – this grass knows how to take care of itself!

Special Characteristics

Bobtail barley has an interesting relationship with water – it’s classified as facultative in California’s wetland systems. This means it’s a flexible player that can handle both moist and dry conditions, making it perfect for areas with variable moisture levels throughout the year.

Where Bobtail Barley Shines in the Landscape

This native grass works beautifully in:

  • Native plant restoration projects
  • Naturalistic meadow gardens
  • Drought-tolerant landscapes
  • Erosion control areas
  • Wildlife habitat gardens

While it won’t give you the dramatic color of wildflowers, bobtail barley provides the essential foundation that makes native ecosystems work. Think of it as the supporting actor that makes the stars shine brighter.

The Bottom Line

Bobtail barley might be modest, but it’s a genuine piece of California’s natural heritage. If you’re passionate about native plants and want to create authentic habitat in your garden, this little grass deserves serious consideration. Just remember to source it responsibly and give it the respect that any rare native species deserves.

Sometimes the most important plants aren’t the showiest ones – they’re the ones that quietly do the essential work of keeping ecosystems healthy and thriving. Bobtail barley is definitely one of those unsung heroes worth celebrating in your California native garden.

Bobtail Barley

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Hordeum L. - barley

Species

Hordeum intercedens Nevski - bobtail barley

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA