North America Native Plant

Bluegrass

Botanical name: Poa ammophila

USDA symbol: POAM17

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada  

Synonyms: Poa hartzii Gandog. ssp. ammophila (A.E. Porsild) Soreng (POHAA3)   

Growing Bluegrass (Poa ammophila): A Rare Arctic Native for Extreme Cold Climates If you’re gardening in one of the coldest regions of North America and looking for an authentic native grass, Poa ammophila might just be the perfect addition to your landscape. This hardy perennial bluegrass is as tough as ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4T2?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Growing Bluegrass (Poa ammophila): A Rare Arctic Native for Extreme Cold Climates

If you’re gardening in one of the coldest regions of North America and looking for an authentic native grass, Poa ammophila might just be the perfect addition to your landscape. This hardy perennial bluegrass is as tough as they come, but it’s definitely not your typical lawn grass!

What Makes This Bluegrass Special?

Poa ammophila is a native Canadian grass that belongs to the Poaceae family. Unlike the common bluegrass you might know, this species is specifically adapted to some of the harshest climates on the continent. It’s a true perennial that has evolved to thrive where most other plants simply can’t survive.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

This remarkable grass calls the far northern regions of Canada home, specifically the Yukon and Northwest Territories. These are areas where winter temperatures can plummet to extremes that would kill most garden plants, making this bluegrass a true cold-weather champion.

Should You Plant This Bluegrass?

Important consideration: Poa ammophila has a conservation status that suggests it may be uncommon in its native range. If you’re interested in growing this plant, it’s crucial to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that ethically collect or propagate their stock.

This grass is ideal for gardeners who:

  • Live in USDA hardiness zones 1-3
  • Want to create authentic arctic or subarctic plant communities
  • Are developing specialized rock gardens or alpine collections
  • Prefer low-maintenance, extremely hardy ground covers

What Does It Look Like?

Poa ammophila is a fine-textured grass with narrow leaves and delicate seed heads. It forms low-growing clumps that provide subtle texture rather than bold visual impact. Think of it as nature’s way of creating a living carpet that can survive where almost nothing else will grow.

Growing Conditions and Care

This bluegrass thrives in:

  • Climate: Extremely cold conditions (zones 1-3)
  • Soil: Well-drained soils, tolerates poor conditions
  • Sun exposure: Full sun
  • Water: Minimal water needs once established

Planting and Care Tips

Growing Poa ammophila successfully requires understanding its arctic origins:

  • Seeds typically need cold stratification to germinate properly
  • Plant in areas with excellent drainage to prevent winter rot
  • Once established, this grass requires minimal care
  • Avoid fertilizing, as it’s adapted to nutrient-poor conditions
  • Allow natural dormancy cycles – this grass knows how to survive harsh winters

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

As a wind-pollinated grass, Poa ammophila doesn’t directly attract pollinators like bees or butterflies. However, it plays an important role in its native ecosystem by providing ground cover and potentially serving as habitat for small arctic wildlife.

The Bottom Line

Poa ammophila is definitely a specialty plant for specialty gardens. If you live in an extremely cold climate and want to grow native plants that truly belong in your region, this hardy bluegrass could be a wonderful addition. Just remember to source it responsibly and give it the cold, well-drained conditions it craves. For most gardeners in warmer climates, there are many other native grass options that would be more suitable and easier to grow.

Before planting, check with local native plant societies or extension services to ensure you’re making the best choice for your specific location and goals.

Bluegrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Poa L. - bluegrass

Species

Poa ammophila A.E. Porsild - bluegrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA