North America Native Plant

Blepharostoma Arachnoideum

Botanical name: Blepharostoma arachnoideum

USDA symbol: BLAR

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Discovering Blepharostoma arachnoideum: A Delicate Native Liverwort If you’ve ever taken a close look at the forest floor or the surface of a damp rock, you might have encountered one of nature’s most understated beauties: Blepharostoma arachnoideum. This tiny native liverwort might not have a catchy common name, but it ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Discovering Blepharostoma arachnoideum: A Delicate Native Liverwort

If you’ve ever taken a close look at the forest floor or the surface of a damp rock, you might have encountered one of nature’s most understated beauties: Blepharostoma arachnoideum. This tiny native liverwort might not have a catchy common name, but it plays a fascinating role in North America’s natural ecosystems.

What Exactly Is Blepharostoma arachnoideum?

Blepharostoma arachnoideum is a liverwort, part of an ancient group of plants that have been thriving on Earth for over 400 million years. Unlike the mosses you might be more familiar with, liverworts are flat, often leaf-like plants that hug surfaces closely. This particular species is herbaceous and terrestrial, meaning it’s a green, non-woody plant that grows on land rather than in water.

What makes this liverwort special is its preference for attaching to solid surfaces like rocks, fallen logs, or tree bark rather than growing directly in soil. Think of it as nature’s way of creating living wallpaper in the shadiest, dampest corners of the forest.

Where You’ll Find This Native Beauty

This liverwort is native to North America, making it a true local resident that has adapted to our continent’s unique conditions over thousands of years. You’ll typically spot it in the cooler, northern regions where humidity stays consistently high and temperatures remain moderate.

Is Blepharostoma arachnoideum Good for Your Garden?

While you won’t find this liverwort at your local garden center, it can be a delightful addition to specialized woodland or shade gardens. Here’s what it brings to the table:

  • Creates natural, living ground cover in deeply shaded areas
  • Adds authentic woodland character to native plant gardens
  • Requires virtually no maintenance once established
  • Helps retain moisture in garden microclimates
  • Contributes to the overall biodiversity of your landscape

However, it’s important to note that this species has a conservation status of S3S4, indicating it may be uncommon in parts of its range. If you’re interested in encouraging liverworts in your garden, focus on creating the right conditions rather than trying to transplant wild specimens.

How to Identify Blepharostoma arachnoideum

Spotting this particular liverwort takes a keen eye and perhaps a magnifying glass! Look for these identifying features:

  • Very small size – typically just a few millimeters across
  • Flat, ribbon-like appearance that hugs surfaces closely
  • Thread-like or web-like texture (the species name arachnoideum actually refers to its spider-web-like appearance)
  • Preference for growing on wood, bark, or rock surfaces rather than soil
  • Found in consistently moist, shaded locations

Creating Liverwort-Friendly Conditions

If you want to encourage native liverworts like Blepharostoma arachnoideum in your garden, focus on creating the right environment:

  • Maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging
  • Provide deep to partial shade
  • Include natural surfaces like untreated wood, stones, or bark
  • Avoid using fertilizers or chemicals in these areas
  • Ensure good air circulation to prevent stagnation

The Bigger Picture

While Blepharostoma arachnoideum might seem insignificant, it’s part of a complex web of life that includes countless tiny organisms working together to create healthy ecosystems. These liverworts help retain moisture, provide habitat for microscopic creatures, and contribute to the decomposition process that enriches forest soils.

For gardeners interested in creating truly native landscapes, understanding and appreciating these small-scale plants can deepen your connection to the natural world right in your backyard. Even if you never intentionally plant liverworts, recognizing and protecting them when they appear naturally shows respect for the complete ecosystem you’re nurturing.

Blepharostoma Arachnoideum

Classification

Group

Liverwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Hepaticophyta - Liverworts

Subdivision

Hepaticae

Class

Hepaticopsida

Subclass

Jungermanniae

Order

Jungermanniales

Family

Pseudolepicoleaceae Fulford & J. Taylor

Genus

Blepharostoma (Dumort. emend. Lindb.) Dumort.

Species

Blepharostoma arachnoideum M. Howe

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA