North America Native Plant

Black River Beardtongue

Botanical name: Penstemon putus

USDA symbol: PEPU13

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Penstemon virgatus A. Gray ssp. putus (A. Nelson) Crosswh. (PEVIP2)   

Black River Beardtongue: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing Meet the Black River beardtongue (Penstemon putus), one of Arizona’s lesser-known native wildflowers that deserves a spot in the conversation about southwestern native plants. While this perennial member of the snapdragon family might not be as well-documented as its flashier penstemon ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S4Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Black River Beardtongue: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing

Meet the Black River beardtongue (Penstemon putus), one of Arizona’s lesser-known native wildflowers that deserves a spot in the conversation about southwestern native plants. While this perennial member of the snapdragon family might not be as well-documented as its flashier penstemon cousins, it represents the unique botanical treasures hiding in Arizona’s diverse landscapes.

What Makes Black River Beardtongue Special

This herbaceous perennial belongs to the beloved penstemon genus, known for their tubular flowers that seem tailor-made for hummingbirds and native bees. As a forb—basically a fancy term for a non-woody flowering plant—Black River beardtongue lacks the thick, woody stems of shrubs but makes up for it with its perennial staying power.

The plant was previously classified under a different name (Penstemon virgatus subspecies putus), which gives us a clue about its botanical relationships. Like other penstemons, it likely produces the characteristic two-lipped tubular flowers that give the genus its beardtongue common name.

Where Does It Call Home?

Black River beardtongue is exclusively native to Arizona, making it a true southwestern endemic. This limited geographic range contributes to its special conservation status and makes it a particularly meaningful choice for Arizona gardeners looking to support their local ecosystem.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s something important to know: Black River beardtongue has a conservation status of S2S4Q, which indicates some level of rarity or conservation concern. While the exact implications of this status aren’t fully defined, it suggests this plant deserves our respect and careful consideration.

If you’re interested in growing this species, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or seed suppliers who can verify the plant’s origins. Never collect from wild populations, as this could harm already vulnerable communities of this rare plant.

Growing Black River Beardtongue: What We Know

Unfortunately, detailed cultivation information for this specific species is quite limited—a common challenge with rare native plants that haven’t been extensively studied or brought into cultivation. However, we can make some educated guesses based on its Arizona origins and its classification as a penstemon:

  • As an Arizona native, it likely prefers well-draining soils and can handle periods of drought once established
  • Like other penstemons, it probably appreciates full sun to partial shade
  • Being a perennial forb, it should return year after year with proper care
  • It may benefit from the typical southwestern gardening approach: infrequent but deep watering

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Black River beardtongue presents an interesting case for native plant enthusiasts, especially those in Arizona. While its rarity makes it a special addition to a native plant collection, the limited cultivation information means growing it successfully might require some experimentation and patience.

This plant would be ideal for:

  • Dedicated native plant gardeners in Arizona
  • Conservation-minded gardeners who want to help preserve rare species
  • Collectors of unusual or hard-to-find penstemons
  • Those creating habitat for native southwestern wildlife

However, if you’re new to native gardening or looking for well-documented, easy-to-grow options, you might want to start with more common Arizona penstemons like Penstemon parryi (Parry’s penstemon) or Penstemon eatonii (firecracker penstemon) before trying this rare beauty.

Supporting Native Plant Conservation

Whether or not you choose to grow Black River beardtongue in your garden, its existence reminds us of the incredible botanical diversity tucked away in places like Arizona’s varied landscapes. By choosing native plants—even the more common ones—we support the web of life that includes rare species like this one.

If you do decide to grow Black River beardtongue, consider yourself a steward of southwestern biodiversity. Document your growing experiences, share what you learn with other native plant enthusiasts, and help contribute to our understanding of this special Arizona endemic.

Black River Beardtongue

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Penstemon Schmidel - beardtongue

Species

Penstemon putus A. Nelson - Black River beardtongue

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA